Why is there a little pain in the urethra? This is a good way to relieve it.

Male friends may experience urethral pain due to bacterial infection, such as ascending urinary tract infection; in addition, mycoplasma and chlamydia, fungi and parasites are also common causes of urethral pain. Facing this symptom, patients must actively treat it, otherwise it will cause many complications.

(1) Bacteria: The pathogenic microorganisms in bacterial prostatitis are similar to those that cause urogenital tract infections. Common pathogens are Escherichia coli (E. coli), and a few are Proteus, Klebsiella, Enterococcus, etc.; Gram-positive bacteria rarely cause infection. Absolute anaerobic bacteria rarely cause prostate infections. The role of Gram-positive bacteria in etiology is still controversial, and most researchers agree that Enterococci cause chronic prostatitis. However, many scholars still have doubts about the pathogenic role of other Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Coccus, and Diphtheroids in prostatitis. Recently, some researchers believe that Gram-positive bacteria, except Enterococcus, rarely cause obvious prostatitis. In China, Staphylococcus aureus is still a common bacteria in the culture of prostate fluid of patients. Whether the species is different from that in foreign countries or it is contamination of urethral bacteria needs further clarification. Most prostate infections are caused by a single pathogen, but cases caused by two or more strains or types of bacteria also occur from time to time.

Bacterial prostatitis may be caused by retrograde or reflux infection of urine after bacterial infection. Infected urine can invade through the prostate ducts that open into the posterior urethra. Urine inflow into the prostate is common and certainly plays an important role in the etiology of bacterial prostatitis. Some researchers have analyzed the crystal morphology of prostate stones and found that many components of the stones do not appear in normal prostatic fluid but only in urine. Other possibilities include bacteria in the rectum spreading through direct diffusion or lymphatic diffusion and hematogenous infection.

Some researchers have found that the prostatic fluid of some patients with chronic bacterial prostatitis and the vaginal secretions of their female sexual partners have the same pathogens, which suggests that bacterial prostatitis may be the result of retrograde infection of bacteria through the external urethra during sexual intercourse. Patients with Neisseria gonorrhoeae (gonococci) or non-gonococcal urethritis combined with Neisseria gonorrhoeae prostatitis are sexually contact diseases. Anorectal intercourse without condom protection may cause urethritis, urogenital tract infection or epididymitis due to intestinal bacterial infection, which can also cause bacterial prostatitis. Many bacterial prostatitis are the result of urethral infection complicated by transurethral catheterization.

The infection routes of nonbacterial prostatitis and bacterial prostatitis may be:

① Ascending urinary tract infection;

②Infected urine discharged into the posterior urethra flows back into the prostatic duct;

③ Rectal bacteria directly diffuse or spread through lymphatic vessels to invade the prostate;

④Hematogenous infection.

(2) Mycoplasma and Chlamydia: Chronic nonbacterial prostatitis is an inflammatory disease of unknown cause. Existing data show that the incidence of nonbacterial prostatitis is 8 times that of bacterial prostatitis. Some people believe that ureaplasma surealyticum and Chlamydia trachomatis may be the causative factors of nonbacterial prostatitis, but the evidence is still insufficient.

Many scholars believe that ureaplasma, which decomposes urea, may be the cause of this type of prostatitis, or it may be a saprophyte. Whether Chlamydia trachomatis is a causative factor of prostatitis is still controversial. 40% of non-gonococcal urethritis in men and most acute epididymitis under 35 years old are caused by Chlamydia trachomatis infection, and about 1/3 of patients with non-bacterial prostatitis have urethritis. Therefore, it may be the cause of non-bacterial prostatitis, but many studies have shown that even if it exists, it is not an important factor.

(3) Fungi and parasites: Fungal prostate infections are mainly seen in AIDS patients. The patient's immunity is severely damaged, and fungal prostatitis occurs. The parasites that cause prostatitis mainly include vaginal Trichomonas, Schistosoma, etc.