Blood in urine in men

Blood in male urine may be caused by urinary organ disease. At this time, the bladder filtering function will decline, which will cause red blood cells to enter the urine and be excreted. Normal causes of hematuria are diseases such as nephritis, cystitis and renal tuberculosis. Therefore, if you encounter symptoms of hematuria, you should seek medical attention in time to avoid this disease affecting your reproductive ability.

Blood in the urine is called hematuria, also known as hematuria. Normally, there are no red blood cells in urine. In medicine, after the patient's urine is centrifuged and precipitated, it is examined under a microscope. If there are more than 5 red blood cells in each high-power field of view, it is called hematuria. If red blood cells are only found under a microscope, but the blood in the urine cannot be seen with the naked eye, it is called microscopic hematuria; if the urine can be seen to be "meat washing water-like" or bloody, or even with blood streaks or blood clots in the urine, it is called gross hematuria.

Hematuria is often caused by diseases of the urinary organs. Human urine is produced in the kidneys and discharged from the body through the renal pelvis, ureter, bladder, and urethra. Any disease or bleeding in these organs can cause hematuria. Common diseases that cause hematuria include various nephritis, urinary tract infection, hemorrhagic cystitis, urinary tract stones, renal tuberculosis, renal tumors, kidney and urethral injuries, etc. Hematuria is one of the main symptoms of the above diseases. Differential diagnosis of hematuria: When urination begins with hematuria and the latter part of the urine is normal, it is generally a urinary tract disease; if urination begins normally and hematuria appears at the end, it is mostly cystitis and prostate disease; if it is "full-course hematuria" and the blood is dark red, it is generally caused by kidney diseases. Hematuria rarely presents shock symptoms.

When hematuria is found, the first thing to do is to determine whether it is true hematuria, that is, to rule out false hematuria and red urine caused by certain reasons. The former is caused by menstruation, hemorrhoidal bleeding or diseases near the urethra, which causes bleeding mixed in the urine; the latter is caused by contact with certain pigments or oral administration of drugs such as rifampicin, as well as certain poisons (phenol, carbon monoxide, chloroform, snake venom), drugs (sulfonamide, quinine), crush injuries, burns, malaria, wrong blood transfusions, etc., which cause hemoglobinuria or myoglobinuria. Transient hematuria can be caused by allergies to pollen, chemicals or drugs, and can also occur during menstruation, after strenuous exercise, and viral infections. It is generally of no importance. It should be taken seriously only when the above situations are ruled out and hematuria is found in multiple tests. The diagnosis is made through medical history, physical examination, laboratory tests and other auxiliary tests.

After confirming that it is true hematuria, the localization diagnosis of hematuria should be performed to distinguish whether the hematuria comes from the renal parenchyma or the urinary tract:

① If casts are found in the urine sediment, especially red blood cell casts, it means that the bleeding comes from the renal parenchyma;

②Hematuria accompanied by more severe proteinuria is almost always a sign of glomerular hematuria;

③ If casts containing immunoglobulins are found in the urine, it is mostly renal parenchymal bleeding;

④ In hematuria caused by glomerular diseases, the red blood cells are mostly deformed, with different shapes and sizes. In non-glomerular hematuria, the red blood cells are mostly normal in size, with only a small number of deformed red blood cells. The etiology of non-glomerular hematuria is very complex, and one should be especially vigilant against malignant tumors of the genitourinary system. The symptomatic treatment principles of the two types of hematuria are also opposite. Glomerular hematuria often requires anticoagulant, antithrombotic, antiplatelet aggregation or blood circulation and stasis treatment, while non-glomerular hematuria often requires hemostatic therapy.