Male hematuria

If a man has hematuria, it is mostly caused by urinary tract infection. Hematuria in men is likely caused by kidney problems, such as kidney stones or renal colic. This is relatively serious and should be treated in a timely manner. Prostatic hyperplasia can also cause hematuria and urinary incontinence in men. Your body is your own, so you must take good care of it and go to the hospital in time if you feel any discomfort.

1. What diseases cause hematuria in men?

1.1 Urinary stones

The harm of urinary stones to the body ranges from "mild" to "severe", and is often accompanied by hematuria. Mild cases only cause some symptoms such as bloating and discomfort in the kidney area or abdomen, and the movement of stones usually causes renal colic and hematuria. Severe cases are caused by large and multiple stones or stones that have been in the urinary tract for too long, which blocks the flow of urine, leading to urinary tract infection and ureteral hydrops, and kidney function damage.

1.2 Prostatic hyperplasia

Hematuria is a common symptom of prostatic hyperplasia, which is mostly manifested as increased urination frequency, incomplete urination, and shortened urine stream. Sometimes, hematuria may also occur. This is because after the prostate enlarges, the capillaries in the mucosa on the surface of the prostate become congested, dilated, and twisted. When the bladder contracts or the enlarged prostate is pulled, these capillaries will rupture and cause hematuria. The fundamental cause of hematuria in patients with prostatic hyperplasia is benign complications. In severe cases, hematuria may also be caused by urinary tract tumors. It is worth noting that irregular treatment often causes instrument damage, such as bleeding after cystoscopy, catheterization, and urethral dilation.

Cystitis mostly occurs in the bladder mucosal epithelium, which grows quickly and is prone to rupture and bleeding. Therefore, the most common symptom of cystitis is hematuria, which is invisible to the naked eye and is a unique "abnormal urination signal" of bladder cancer. Hematuria often occurs during the entire urination process, but sometimes it only occurs at the beginning or end of urination. Hematuria is often painless and intermittent, and can be relieved or stopped on its own, which can easily give the illusion that the disease has been cured.

A small number of bladder cancer patients may experience symptoms such as increased urination frequency, urgency, and pain during urination, which may be similar to cystitis, but antibiotics are ineffective. Patients with painless hematuria or long-term uncurable cystitis should seek medical attention immediately and undergo urine exfoliated cytology examination.

2. How to check blood in male urine

Casts in urine sediment: especially red blood cell casts, indicate that bleeding comes from the renal parenchyma, mainly seen in glomerulonephritis.

Urine protein measurement: Hematuria accompanied by more severe proteinuria is almost always a sign of glomerular hematuria.

The urine contains immunoglobulin granular casts (IGM).

Urine red blood cell morphology: Using a phase microscope to examine urine sediment is currently the most commonly used method to distinguish glomerular or non-glomerular hematuria. When the number of urine red blood cells is >8×106/L, and the number of abnormal red blood cells (ring-shaped, target-shaped, spore-shaped, etc.) is >30%, it should be considered as glomerular hematuria. Urine protein quantitative >500 mg/24 hours often indicates glomerular hematuria. If there is bleeding in the renal pelvis, ureter, bladder or urethra (i.e. non-glomerular bleeding), the formation of red blood cells is mostly normal in size, and only a small part is abnormal red blood cells. If hematuria is caused by glomerular disease, the vast majority of them are abnormal red blood cells, accounting for more than 75%, and their morphology varies and the size varies significantly.

3. How to diagnose hematuria in men

Accompanied by bloating and pain in the waist or cramps on one side of the abdomen: The most likely cause is kidney or ureteral stones. Urinary tract obstruction may also be caused by caseous substances, blood clots, etc.

Accompanied by frequent urination, urgent urination, and painful urination: Hematuria accompanied by frequent urination, urgent urination, painful urination, and dull pain in the waist and abdomen are mostly caused by urinary tract infection or tuberculosis.

With hypertension: can be seen in acute and chronic glomerulonephritis, rapidly progressive hypertension, congenital polycystic kidney disease, renal artery embolism, and nodular polyarteritis.

Accompanied by skin and mucous membrane bleeding: can be seen in hemophilia, leukemia, thrombocytopenic purpura and other blood diseases. Hematuria is just a part of systemic bleeding.

Accompanied by fever, joint swelling and pain, and skin damage: When hematuria is accompanied by fever, joint swelling and pain, skin damage, and multiple organ damage, it may be a connective tissue disease (such as systemic lupus erythematosus, polyarteritis nodosa, etc.).

Accompanied by difficult urination and dribbling urine: Hematuria accompanied by difficult urination, labored urination and dribbling urine is mostly caused by prostate hypertrophy in elderly men, while in middle-aged men, urethral stenosis, urethral stones or bladder tumors should be considered.

Hematuria after strenuous exercise or heavy physical labor: In this case, the possibility of kidney ptosis, urinary stones or exercise-induced hematuria should be considered (in men, it is mostly stones or exercise-induced hematuria, in women, it is mostly kidney ptosis or stones).

Painless hematuria: Painless hematuria, or hematuria without any symptoms, in middle-aged and elderly people is an important sign of urinary system tumors.

Rest in bed and minimize strenuous activity.

Drink plenty of water to reduce salt crystals in urine and speed up the excretion of drugs and stones. People with nephritis who have edema should drink less water.

Use hemostatic drugs, such as Anhemolytic, Hemostatic, Vitamin K, and Vitamin C can also be used in combination.

Use drugs that cause hematuria with caution, especially in people who already have kidney disease.

Hematuria is caused by a urinary tract infection.

Urinary stones often cause severe abdominal pain.

The causes of hematuria are complex, and some cases are very serious. You should go to the hospital for examination and diagnosis as soon as possible and receive thorough treatment. After a clear diagnosis of renal tuberculosis and renal tumors, unilateral nephrectomy can be performed to achieve a radical cure.

What should men pay attention to when they have blood in their urine?

1. Develop the habit of drinking plenty of water (magnetized water)

2. Smoke less or don’t smoke at all, eat less irritating food, and avoid: spicy food, seafood, (shrimp, crab) chili pepper, garlic, raw onion, coriander, dog meat, horse meat, and donkey meat.

3. Actively treat inflammation, stones and other diseases of the urinary system

4. Carry out protective and health care work in the production of dyes, rubber, plastics and other tools.

5. In daily life and work, the bladder should not be filled too much frequently. You should urinate as soon as you feel the urge to urinate to reduce the time urine stays in the bladder for too long.

6. Pay attention to the combination of work and rest, and avoid strenuous exercise.