Why do I have testicle swelling and pain?

"Dan Dan" is a euphemism for men's testicles. It is an important organ in the reproductive system, and semen is produced in this part. Testicular swelling and pain is a common manifestation of men's diseases, and the causes involve many aspects. If the pain persists, it should be taken seriously, and the cause should be found out in time for targeted treatment. So, what is the cause of testicular swelling and pain? Let's take a look below.

Causes and common diseases

1. Inflammation

Orchitis is a common cause of testicular pain. There are many causes of orchitis. For example, patients with mumps may suffer from orchitis, testicular pain and swelling. Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted disease with a high incidence rate. In severe cases, it can cause orchitis, testicular pain and swelling. Chronic prostatitis can also cause testicular pain, which manifests as unilateral pain, mostly dull pain or pulling pain, which is persistent. Microscopic examination of prostatic fluid can reveal a large number of white blood cells. Most patients are young and strong, and it is rare in the elderly.

2. Twist

Testicular torsion is one of the common acute diseases in the scrotum. It can occur in newborns to 70-year-olds, with 65% occurring between 12 and 19 years old. Generally, there is vigorous activity a few hours before the onset of the disease, or the testicles have been subjected to external force. Sudden severe testicular pain during sleep or rest is the first symptom of this disease and is also one of the main diagnostic bases. Some cases are accompanied by nausea and vomiting, scrotal swelling, and obvious tenderness.

3. Damage

The testicles are more mobile in the scrotum and are protected by a tough white membrane, so the chance of closure injury is relatively small. Testicular injuries are mostly related to violence, car accidents, etc. After injury, the testicles are severely painful with nausea, vomiting, and even fainting or shock. During physical examination, there are swollen testicles, unclear contours, or scrotal congestion, and obvious tenderness. B-ultrasound and CT are not only helpful for the diagnosis of this disease, but also can clarify the location and range of testicular injury.

4. Ischemia

Testicular ischemic pain is more common in the elderly. The pain is more severe, aggravated by activity, and relieved by rest. Prostatic fluid microscopy is normal, often due to sclerosis of the testicular artery leading to arterial stenosis. Testicular artery atherosclerosis is often a local manifestation of systemic vascular disease, mostly unilateral lesions, more common on the left side than on the right side.

Differential diagnosis

The symptoms of testicular pain vary depending on the cause.

1. Infection

The patient's testicular pain is severe, even like a knife cutting, and is accompanied by systemic symptoms such as fever and chills. At this time, the scrotum is red and swollen, and the pain is more obvious when the testicles are touched.

(1) Tuberculosis infection: often accompanied by a history of tuberculosis in the urinary system or other parts of the body, manifested by dull testicular pain, a bloated feeling in the lower abdomen, and swelling of the scrotum. In severe cases, pus may flow out. When these lesions are touched by hand, there are uneven nodules that are hard and often adhere to the scrotal skin.

(2) Prostatitis: The testicular pain caused by prostatitis is often accompanied by a swollen and uncomfortable feeling in the perineum, as well as symptoms such as frequent urination, urgency, pain, and difficulty urinating.

2. Non-infectious

Chronic testicular pain may also be caused by varicocele or may be radiating from pain in other areas of the testicle.