What to do if you are allergic to penicillin? First aid measures for penicillin allergy

When we are doing injections in the hospital, we often hear nurses ask a question: Are you allergic to penicillin? If you answer "I don't know", the nurse will give you a skin test. Penicillin is an antibacterial drug, which itself has very low toxicity, but it often causes allergic reactions and leads to shock. What should be done if you are allergic to penicillin?

1: Rescue on the spot and stop taking the medicine immediately. Let the patient lie flat, keep warm, and insert the needle into the Ren Zhong point.

2: Epinephrine is the first choice. Immediately subcutaneously inject 0.5-1ml of 0.1% epinephrine hydrochloride. Reduce the dose for sick children. If the symptoms are not relieved, 0.5ml can be injected subcutaneously or intravenously every half hour until the patient is out of danger. This drug is the first choice for rescuing anaphylactic shock. It has the effects of constricting blood vessels, increasing peripheral resistance, exciting the myocardium, increasing cardiac output and relaxing bronchial smooth muscles.

3: Correct hypoxia and improve breathing by giving oxygen inhalation. When breathing is suppressed, mouth-to-mouth breathing should be performed immediately, and respiratory stimulants such as nikethamide or lobeline should be injected intramuscularly. When laryngeal edema affects breathing, endotracheal intubation should be prepared immediately or tracheotomy should be performed in cooperation.

4: Anti-allergy and anti-shock: According to the doctor's instructions, immediately give dexamethasone 5-10mg intravenous injection or hydrocortisone 200mg plus 5% or 10% glucose solution 500ml intravenous drip, and give pressor drugs such as dopamine, metaramine, etc. according to the condition. If the patient's heart stops beating, perform external cardiac compression immediately.

5: Correct acidosis and administer antihistamines as directed by the physician.

6: Observe closely and record in detail the patient's temperature, pulse, respiration, blood pressure, urine output and other clinical changes. Keep good nursing records of the patient's condition. The patient should not be moved until he or she is in critical condition.

Find out if the patient has a history of allergy to penicillin. If so, the drug should not be used. If not, the patient's condition should be carefully observed within 20 minutes after the injection.