Introduction to sperm and egg cell fusion

In daily life, I believe that all male and female friends know that in order to conceive a healthy baby, healthy sperm and egg cells need to combine. Some friends may become infertile, which means that there are certain problems with the sperm and egg, and they cannot combine. So what is the cause? Let me introduce it to you.

When the mature egg leaves its mother, the ovary, it is placed in the embrace of the fallopian tube umbrella. Due to the swaying of the epithelial cell hairs, it is sent to the abdominal opening of the fallopian tube after a few minutes and arrives at the abdomen of the pot. There it will stay for a while and loosen the tightly arranged crown cells in the outer protective layer to wait for the arrival of sperm. When the sperm breaks through many obstacles and arrives at the fallopian tube to meet the egg, the two cannot combine immediately. Two important processes are required before the combination:

The first step is to break the protective layer around the egg; they are composed of rich mucopolysaccharides and glycoproteins, and these protective layers prevent sperm from combining with eggs. Therefore, sperm must release a series of enzymes to digest mucopolysaccharides and proteins in order to dissolve the three protective layers. These enzymes are normally present in the acrosome of the sperm head and can only be released after the acrosome membrane is broken. This process of rupture and release is called the acrosome reaction. The acrosome enzyme system contains several enzymes, such as acid hydrolase, hyaluronidase, corona radiata dispersase and acrosome protease, which are all important enzymes for dissolving the protective layer. When the sperm passes through the cumulus ovum and the corona radiata, it loosely adheres to the surface of the zona pellucida. At this time, the receptors on the inner and outer surfaces of the zona pellucida recognize the sperm, and this recognition ensures the specificity that human eggs can only combine with human sperm. After recognition, the zona pellucida decomposes, allowing sperm to enter the egg cell.

After understanding the process of sperm and egg cell fusion, I believe that all of you have a certain detailed understanding of this. In daily life, it is recommended that all of you pay more attention to your physical health. Once infertility occurs, you should undergo a physical examination in time.