What to do if there is no sperm after testicular puncture

In recent years, more and more people are suffering from infertility. To put it simply, azoospermia means that no sperm is found after multiple semen examinations, especially after testicular puncture. This situation usually belongs to non-obstructive azoospermia, which is a relatively special disease. It is still difficult to treat at present, but it is best to go to a professional hospital for comprehensive examination and treatment.

The main cause of non-obstructive azoospermia is testicular spermatogenesis disorder, which results in no sperm or only a very small amount of sperm, resulting in no sperm in the semen. It can be divided into:

1. Testicular lesions: such as testicular trauma, inflammation, torsion and testicular vascular lesions.

2. Genetic diseases: Autosomal or sex chromosome abnormalities affect testicular sperm production, such as Klinefelter syndrome.

3. Congenital testicular abnormalities: Abnormal testicular development or abnormal testicular position can cause sperm production disorders.

4. Radiation damage and drugs, especially cytotoxic drugs, can damage testicular spermatogenic cells, which can lead to azoospermia in severe cases.

5. Endocrine diseases, hyperpituitarism or hypopituitarism, pituitary tumors, adrenal hyperfunction or hypofunction, hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism can all affect sperm production and cause azoospermia.

6. Severe systemic diseases and malnutrition can cause azoospermia.

What is obstructive azoospermia?

Among the common infertility patients in clinical practice, many patients have found that there are no sperm in their semen. Without sperm, conception cannot be completed, leading to male infertility. The occurrence of azoospermia is caused by many reasons. According to the different causes of the disease, it can be divided into obstructive azoospermia and non-obstructive azoospermia.

The occurrence of obstructive azoospermia is mainly caused by the blockage of the vas deferens. For obstructive azoospermia caused by the blockage of the vas deferens, timely unblocking of the blocked vas deferens is the key. Pregnancy is a complex process that cannot occur without the participation of sperm. It can be seen that sperm is very important to men.

There are many reasons for the blockage of the vas deferens, the most common of which is inflammatory infection. It should be pointed out that the occurrence of azoospermia is an important cause of male infertility, so timely treatment is the key. Obstructive azoospermia can be cured by microsurgery in most cases. Vaso-vasectomy (VV) can be performed for vas deferens obstruction, with a vas recanalization rate of 75%-93% and a spouse pregnancy rate of 46%-82%. Vaso-epididymal anastomosis (VE) can be performed for epididymal obstruction.