What are the causes of azoospermia?

Azoospermia is the most common cause of male infertility, and the causes of azoospermia are mainly caused by sperm production disorders, such as chromosomal abnormalities, congenital testicular abnormalities, orchitis, etc.; endocrine and drug damage are also common causes, such as hyperpituitarism, hyperadrenal function, malnutrition, etc.; obstructive azoospermia is also one of the causes.

1. Causes of Azoospermia

1. Sperm production disorder (25%):

Genetic diseases, autosomal or sex chromosome abnormalities affect testicular sperm production, such as Klinefelter syndrome; congenital testicular abnormalities, testicular development abnormalities or testicular position abnormalities can all cause sperm production disorders; testicular lesions themselves, such as testicular trauma, inflammation, torsion and testicular vascular lesions.

2. Endocrine and drug damage (15%):

Hyperpituitarism or hypopituitarism, pituitary tumors, adrenal hyperfunction or hypofunction, hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism can all affect sperm production and cause azoospermia. Severe systemic diseases and malnutrition can cause azoospermia. Radiation damage and drugs, especially cytotoxic drugs, can damage testicular spermatogenic cells, which can cause azoospermia in severe cases.

3. Obstructive azoospermia (20%):

The patient has normal secondary sexual characteristics, sexual desire, and sexual function, normal testicular development, and sperm production, but no sperm is discharged due to obstruction of the vas deferens. The causes include: congenital malformations, commonly ectopic epididymis, occlusive epididymis, and absent or agenetic vas deferens; infection, gonococcal, tuberculosis, and some other bacterial infections can cause obstruction of the epididymis and vas deferens; epididymal cysts compress the epididymis duct and cause obstruction; injuries cause obstruction of the vas deferens.

2. Nursing for Azoospermia

1. Avoid bad living habits

Daily care for azoospermia requires avoiding unhealthy eating habits, reducing social activities, avoiding alcoholism, controlling diet, and fully recognizing the importance and necessity of quitting smoking.

2. Family care

Family harmony is an important point in the daily care of azoospermia, which is conducive to eliminating tension in work and life. For the husband's decreased sexual desire and sexual ability, the wife should face it calmly, handle it tolerantly, care and be considerate, eliminate worries, and actively cooperate with treatment.

3. Self-psychological adjustment

When you are troubled or sad, you should think calmly and not carry a mental burden for a long time. You should relax and adjust your nervous state in time to relieve and eliminate your anxiety. Do something you like, such as listening to music, participating in group activities, reading useful books, or talking to family and friends. This will make you feel better and your sexual depression will gradually disappear.

4. Actively participate in sports exercise

Continuous and appropriate physical exercise and outdoor activities will be beneficial to the daily care of azoospermia. Adhering to daily exercise can regulate intense mental work or neurohumoral disorders, such as jogging or walking for 30 minutes every day. Strive for a regular life, ensure adequate sleep, and actively lose weight.