Most men don’t know about these testicular diseases!

If a man wants to be sexually happy, he must have strong sexual ability, and the testicles are an important organ to ensure a man's strong sexual ability. At the same time, the testicles also shoulder the mission of nurturing the next generation, but medically speaking, the testicles are also very fragile organs. In particular, many men do not understand the following six types of testicular diseases.

Ectopic testicles

When the testicles descend from the inguinal canal, they may not descend into their normal position in the scrotum, causing ectopic testicles. Ectopic testicles are rare, and their clinical significance and treatment principles are generally the same as those of occult testicles. If the diagnosis is clear, surgical treatment should generally be considered, because androgen therapy is generally ineffective. Orchiopexy as early as possible before puberty can usually restore normal testicular function.

Cryptorchidism

About 3% of full-term male babies and 30% of premature male babies have cryptic testicles. Most of these babies have testicles that descend into the scrotum within a few months after birth, but about 0.8% of boys still have undescended testicles one year after birth. The first ejaculation of cryptic testicle patients is slightly later than that of normal controls, and their incidence of ejaculation during puberty is also lower; they also have less sexual life in adulthood than normal controls. If boys with cryptic testicles have a mental burden due to frequent examinations of their sexual organs, or if their testicles still do not descend after hormone treatment, it may lead to sexual psychological disorders. Parents of children with cryptic testicles may also feel frustrated due to repeated examinations of the position of their scrotum and testicles. Doctors must tell the parents of children with cryptorchidism the nature of cryptorchidism and its impact on sexual function in adulthood so that they have a correct understanding.

Polyorchia

It refers to the number of testicles exceeding 2, but it is generally believed that there are no more than 3 testicles, with more on the left side than on the right side. Extra testicles rarely develop normally, and long-term ectopic and atrophic testicles may become malignant, so extra testicles should be surgically removed as soon as possible.

Agnosia

Congenital bilateral anoorchia (absent testicles) is extremely rare, with only 61 cases reported in the literature. The cause may be that the fetal testicles are destroyed by some toxin after the fetus has differentiated into different sexes. Treatment methods include:

(1) Replacement therapy: Testosterone propionate is used starting from adolescence, injected intramuscularly three times a week until the external genitalia develop normally; thereafter, the dose can be reduced to 10 mg three times a week; or methyltestosterone 16-45 mg/day can be taken orally (sublingually).

(2) Surgical treatment: Implantation of a pseudo-testis in the scrotum (silicone rubber or silicone in a silicone capsule, the latter is better) to reduce the patient's "body image" and psychological disorders. Recently, a case of a successful testicular transplantation in an aortic patient was reported, and the testicles were taken from his fertile brother.

Epididymis

It refers to the fusion of the two testicles, which can occur in the scrotum or in the abdominal cavity. Few testicles can survive due to other serious congenital malformations.