Testicular effusion

Hydrocele of the testicles is a disease with a relatively high incidence rate. When it occurs, not both sides are affected, but one side is more likely to be affected. Especially in acute patients, the symptoms will become more and more severe, and may even cause bloating or a feeling of falling. If this is the case, it will completely affect the feeling of urination every time, and even sexual life will become less harmonious.

The clinical manifestation of hydrocele is more common on one side, with a cystic mass in the scrotum that is chronic, painless and gradually enlarges. A small amount of hydrocele may be asymptomatic; when the amount of hydrocele gradually increases, the scrotum on the affected side may feel like it is falling, pulling or swollen. If the hydrocele is huge, the penis will retract into the foreskin, affecting urination, sexual life and walking.

When examining a hydrocele, different types of hydrocele have different manifestations:

1. Hydrocele

There is a lot of fluid in the testicular vaginal cavity, which is oval or spherical, with a smooth surface, cystic feeling, no tenderness, the testis and epididymis are unclear, and the transillumination test is positive.

2. Hydrocele

Cystic effusion is located above the testicle in the scrotum or in the inguinal groove. It is oval or fusiform with a smooth surface. It moves with the spermatic cord. The transillumination test is positive, and the testicle and epididymis can be touched below.

3. Mixed hydrocele

The coexistence of testicular and spermatic hydrocele without communication with each other may lead to complications such as inguinal hernia or undescended testicles.

4. Hydrocele of testicular cord (infant type)

The processus vaginalis is closed at the internal ring but not at the spermatic cord. It is connected to the cavum vaginalis of the testis. It is mostly pear-shaped in appearance and is located in the scrotum. The testis and epididymis cannot be felt clearly. The opening of the external ring is enlarged due to pressure, but it is not connected to the abdominal cavity.

5. Communicating hydrocele

The amount of fluid accumulation is related to body position. The amount of fluid accumulation decreases or disappears when lying flat, and increases when standing. The testicles and epididymis can be touched, and the transillumination test is positive. If the passage between the processus vaginalis and the abdominal cavity is large, the field tube or greater omentum can enter the processus vaginalis, resulting in an inguinal oblique hernia.

There are two types of hydrocele: primary and secondary. The cause of primary hydrocele is unclear, and the course of the disease is slow, which may be related to trauma and inflammation. Secondary hydrocele is caused by primary diseases, such as acute orchitis, epididymitis, spermatic cord inflammation, trauma, hernia repair, scrotal surgery, or secondary to systemic symptoms such as high fever, heart failure, and peritoneal effusion.

The manifestation is acute hydrocele. Chronic hydrocele is seen in epididymitis, syphilis, tuberculosis and tumors. In tropical areas and southern my country, hydrocele is usually caused by filariasis or schistosomiasis. Infantile hydrocele is related to the delayed development of the lymphatic system. When the lymphatic system of the tunica vaginalis is not fully developed, the hydrocele can be absorbed by itself.