Left polycystic kidney

Left-sided polycystic kidney disease is a type of polycystic kidney disease and is also a rare kidney disease. The role of the kidney is still relatively important to people. If left-sided polycystic kidney disease occurs, it is also necessary to treat the symptoms in time to ensure the normal kidney function of the patient and his or her physical health. Below, we will introduce the symptoms of left-sided polycystic kidney disease in detail.

1. Enlarged kidney

The disease progresses asymmetrically on both sides of the kidneys and there is a difference in size. In the late stage, the two kidneys may occupy the entire abdominal cavity. There are many cysts on the surface of the kidneys, making the kidneys irregular in shape, uneven, and hard in texture.

2. Pain in the kidney area

It is often a feeling of pressure or dull pain in the back and waist, or severe pain, and sometimes abdominal pain. The pain may be aggravated by physical activity, walking for too long, sitting for a long time, etc., and can be relieved by lying in bed. Intrarenal bleeding, stone movement or infection are also causes of sudden severe pain.

3. Hematuria

About half of the patients have microscopic hematuria, and there may be paroxysmal macroscopic hematuria, which is caused by rupture of blood vessels in the cyst wall. When bleeding is heavy, blood clots can pass through the ureter and cause angina. Hematuria is often accompanied by leukocyturia and proteinuria, and the amount of proteinuria is small, generally not exceeding 1.0 g/day. In case of renal infection, purulent urine is obvious, hematuria worsens, and low back pain is accompanied by fever.

4. High blood pressure

It is a common manifestation of polycystic kidney disease. Before the increase of serum creatinine, about half of the patients have hypertension, which is related to the compression of surrounding tissues by cysts and the activation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. In the past 10 years, Graham PC, Torre V and Chapman AB have confirmed that the number of renin granules in normal tissues, stroma adjacent to cysts and epithelial cells of cysts in this disease increases, and renin secretion increases. These are closely related to the growth of cysts and the occurrence of hypertension. In other words, the cysts of patients with hypertension grow faster, which can directly affect the prognosis.

5. Renal insufficiency

Some cases develop renal failure in adolescence. Generally, there is rarely any decline in renal function before the age of 40. About half of people still have renal function at the age of 70. However, the process of progression to renal failure is greatly shortened in those with hypertension. Some patients can still maintain renal function at the age of 80.

6. Polycystic liver disease

About half of patients with polycystic kidney disease who are diagnosed in middle age have polycystic liver disease, and about 70% after the age of 60. It is generally believed that it develops slowly and about 10 years later than polycystic kidney disease. The cysts are formed by the dilation of the labyrinthine bile duct. In addition, cysts can also occur in the pancreas and ovaries, and the incidence of colonic diverticulum is relatively high.

7. Physical examination

During physical examination, the kidneys may be palpable on one or both sides, which may be nodular. There may be tenderness when there is infection. Waist circumference increases in 50% of patients.