Male Breast Surgery

Many people think that breasts are unique to women, so all breast diseases can only occur in women. In fact, this is not the case. Men also have breasts and can suffer from breast diseases. Severe breast diseases require surgical removal and treatment, but there are certain differences between male and female breasts, so the surgical methods are also different. The following will introduce male breast surgery.

Breast development is regulated by multiple hormones such as estrogen, progesterone, growth hormone, and prolactin. Male breast hyperplasia is mainly caused by a relative or absolute increase in effective estrogen in the body. Estrogen and its related hormones in the body's environment interact with local breast hormone receptors to induce male breast development.

Male breast gynecomastia can be divided into two categories: physiological and pathological. Pathological male breast gynecomastia is mostly drug-induced, and a small number can be seen in tumors and various endocrine diseases. Physiological male breast gynecomastia clinical tests show that sex hormones such as testosterone, estradiol, and progesterone are generally within the normal range. The diagnosis is mainly made based on the appearance and the patient's complaints, and is manifested as tissue hyperplasia and hypertrophy in the breast area, like female breasts.

The diagnosis of male breast development is generally relatively clear, and the application of color ultrasound and X-ray photography can help with differential diagnosis. Male breast development has relatively typical sonographic features in two-dimensional sonograms. Typical two-dimensional images show a disc-shaped or fan-shaped or fusiform low-echo area centered on the nipple, which is clearly demarcated from the surrounding tissues, has uneven internal echoes, and has tubular strong echoes converging toward the nipple. Molybdenum target X-rays of male breast development show increased density due to the development of glandular tissue, which is very clearly contrasted with the surrounding tissues. It can be manifested as fibrous, macronodular, patchy, and micronodular.

Treatment principles for gynecomastia

The treatment purpose of male breast development is mostly for cosmetic purposes. Since the cancer rate is very low, only a few are for the purpose of preventing cancer. The treatment methods include etiological treatment, drug treatment and surgical treatment. Etiological treatment and drug treatment are mainly used for pathological male breast development. The treatment method is to stop using drugs and treat the primary disease. However, if the developed breasts do not shrink after medical observation or drug treatment, the patient requires plastic surgery for cosmetic purposes. Surgery can be considered from a plastic surgery perspective. For physiological male breast development, surgical treatment is the main choice.