Male testicles pictures

A part of the male reproductive organ that produces sperm. Also called the testis. The human male testicle is also called the external kidney. Orchitis refers to the inflammation of the male testicle. In clinical medicine, the key features of this disease are rapid swelling of the male testicles, swelling, heat and pain, increased scrotal skin temperature, accompanied by fever, chills, dizziness, fatigue, joint pain, etc. The pathogens are mainly Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus and Streptococcus infection. Acute orchitis in children and adolescents is often caused by the mumps virus.

2. Causes of disease:

Orchitis is usually caused by bacteria. Male testicles rarely have bacterial infections themselves because male testicles have a rich supply of blood and tissue fluid, and have a strong resistance to bacteria. Bacterial orchitis is mostly caused by adjacent epididymal cystitis, so it is also called epididymal cystitis-orchitis. Common pathogens are Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Escherichia coli, etc. Viruses can directly attack male testicles, the most common of which is the mumps virus, which mainly attacks the submandibular glands of children. However, this virus also attacks male testicles, so viral orchitis is often easy to occur shortly after the onset of mumps. In addition, experimental autoimmune orchitis (EAO), an autoimmune disease, is a type of reproductive medicine immunology disease with male orchitis as the key pathological change.

3. Clinical symptoms:

The specific manifestations of orchitis are the damage of seminiferous tubules, the infiltration of white blood cells around the seminiferous tubules and the significant decrease in the total number of sperm, leading to dead sperm, azoospermia, and then loss of fertility. In addition, factors such as antisperm antibodies, insufficient blood supply, and activated inflammatory cells produced in orchitis can induce the destruction of the blood-testis barrier, affect the differentiation characteristics of spermatogenic cells, and then lead to sperm formation obstruction, directly causing male infertility.

4. Imaging diagnostic examination:

The key to testicular inflammatory disease is acute inflammation of the male testicles and vaginal vaginal discharge. The main ultrasound manifestation is decreased echo. The ultrasound manifestations of diffuse testicular swelling and diffuse testicular tumors are similar, and the echo is relatively uniform. The color Doppler examination results show that the blood signal may increase or there is no obvious blood signal.

Male testicles Male testicular tumors

1. Introduction:

Male testicular tumors are relatively rare, accounting for only 1% to 1.5% of male tumors, and the incidence rate is the highest among all tumors in young men aged 15 to 34. Male testicular tumors are divided into primary and secondary types. Primary male testicular tumors can be divided into germ cell tumors and non-germ cell tumors. The former has a prevalence of 90% to 95%, while the latter only accounts for 5% to 10%. According to the differentiation level of cells, somatic cell tumors can be divided into two major categories: seminoma and non-seminoma. The latter includes test tube embryonic carcinoma, teratocarcinoma, teratoma, hcg squamous cell carcinoma, yolk sac tumor, etc.