High prostate antigen

As we all know, the prostate is a male-specific sex gland organ, and prostate antigen is secreted by prostate tissue cells. It mainly exists in male prostate cells and semen. If the prostate antigen value exceeds the normal reference range, it means that the prostate antigen is high. So what is the reason for high prostate antigen? Let's take a look with the editor below.

Prostate-specific antigen exists in three main forms in serum: ① free prostate-specific antigen (fPSA), accounting for 10% to 30% of total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA); ② a complex formed by the combination of prostate-specific antigen and α1-antichymotrypsin (PSA-ACT); ③ a complex formed by the combination of prostate-specific antigen and α2-macroglobulin (PSA-α2M). The latter two are also called complex prostate-specific antigen (cPSA). The main physiological function of prostate-specific antigen is to prevent semen from coagulation. It has extremely high tissue and organ specificity and is currently the preferred marker for diagnosing prostate cancer.

Clinical significance

If serum tPSA and fPSA are elevated, but tPSA/fPSA is decreased, then the diagnosis of prostate cancer should be considered to improve the specificity and accuracy of the diagnosis. Slight elevations in serum tPSA and fPSA may also be seen in prostatitis, prostatic hypertrophy, nephritis, prostatic polyps, and diseases of the urogenital system. When tPSA or fPSA is used alone to diagnose prostate cancer, the influence of benign prostate diseases cannot be ruled out.

Normal value reference range

Total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA): <4.0μg/ml; free prostate-specific antigen (fPSA): ml; fPSA/tPSA: >0.25.

Check the population

1. Men aged 50 years and above with lower urinary tract symptoms.

2. Men with a family history of prostate cancer.

3. Men with abnormal digital rectal examination, clinical manifestations (such as fractures, bone pain, etc.) or abnormal imaging.

4. Patients who have been diagnosed with prostate cancer also need to have their serum PSA tested regularly during follow-up visits after treatment.

What is the cause of high total prostate specific antigen?

1. A high level of prostate-specific antigen indicates a greater possibility of malignancy. A mild increase can also be seen in acute prostatitis, benign prostate tumors, etc. If necessary, go to the hospital for treatment in time.

2 Prostate-specific antigen is synthesized and secreted into semen by prostate epithelial cells. It is mainly used to constitute semen! Prostate calcification plaques are mainly caused by chronic bacterial or aseptic inflammation of the prostate, and long-term chronic congestion of the prostate (such as frequent sexual excitement, long-term sitting or standing, etc.).

3 If diagnosed with prostate cancer, prostate antigen will be significantly elevated.

Note: Patients with this symptom should not sit for long periods of time and should resolutely avoid masturbation. I hope this helps.