What is a glans cyst?

Male genital centerline cysts are small cysts that occur on the centerline of the urethral opening and perineum. They are also called midline cysts and genital perineal cysts. They are more common in the internal oblique muscles of the male genitals of adults. The glans penis is the most common location, and can also be seen in the internal oblique muscles of the scrotum and perineal suture. The size is usually several millimeters to 2 cm. It is a transparent cyst containing clear fluid. Sometimes it also mainly manifests as a mass without symptoms.

Causes of male genital central line cyst

This disease is an abnormality of the urethral sacrum produced by the development of the male reproductive organ during puberty. It is caused by the disorder or remnant of the urethral endoderm tissue or the periurethral glands during the whole process of closure of the sutures of the urethral orifice, male genitals, and perineum. It is generally believed that abnormal urethral closure can cause suture cysts; abnormalities in the paraurethral glands can cause external urethral cysts.

Clinical symptoms of male genital midline cyst

Most of them occur in young men, and the first symptoms appear before the age of 30. Some may occur in childhood. Generally, there are no active symptoms and no local inflammation. Very few patients have discomfort or pain during sexual intercourse or urination. Sometimes swelling and pain may occur during secondary infection. The general physical condition is not affected. The swelling can occur anywhere between the urethra and the anus, but most of them are located in the internal oblique muscle of the genital centerline, especially the glans penis. The lesions are mostly rotating, with a diameter of several millimeters to 2 cm. They are hemispherical cystic protrusions, skin color, smooth surface, soft and elastic to the touch, thin wall like blisters, and the blisters are transparent. The cysts are located in the dermis or subcutaneous tissue, are not adhered to the epidermis, and are rarely long and narrow along the center line.

Male genital centerline cyst examination

Histopathological examination: The epidermis is normal, the cyst is located in the middle of the dermis, with a round or irregular cystic cavity, which is empty or contains amorphous eosinophilic substances. The cyst wall is composed of one or more layers of short columnar or cubic squamous epithelial cells, some squamous epithelial cells have transparent cytoplasm, and squamous epithelial cells that metabolize mucin can be seen in a few cyst walls. A few melanocytes, connective tissue containing capillaries can be seen around the cyst wall, and the dermis is slightly edematous.