What causes testicular discomfort?

If male friends find that their testicles are uncomfortable in their lives, they must not be careless, because many reproductive diseases may cause testicular discomfort or pain, the most common of which are epididymitis or orchitis.

1. Epididymitis

Sperm is temporarily stored here after production. Epididymitis is common in people around 30 years old. It is mostly due to the unhealed urinary tract being infected by bacteria, causing the bacteria to enter the epididymis through the lumen of the vas deferens. It often occurs with posterior urethritis, prostatitis, seminal vesiculitis, etc. The site can be unilateral or bilateral, and the onset time can be acute or slow.

2. Paratestis

It refers to the fusion of the two testicles, which can occur in the scrotum or in the abdominal cavity. Few testicles can survive due to other serious congenital malformations.

3. Orchitis

Orchitis is usually caused by bacteria and viruses. The testicles themselves rarely have bacterial infections. Since the testicles have a rich supply of blood and lymph, they have a strong resistance to bacterial infections. Bacterial orchitis is mostly caused by inflammation of the adjacent epididymis, so it is also called epididymo-orchitis. Common pathogens are Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Escherichia coli, etc. Viruses can directly invade the testicles, the most common of which is the mumps virus. This pathogen mainly invades the parotid glands of children and causes "big mouth" disease. However, this virus also likes to invade the testicles, so viral orchitis often occurs shortly after the onset of mumps.

4. Testicular hyperplasia

Testicular hyperplasia refers to testicles that are larger than normal, but their hardness and local anatomical relationships are normal. It is often seen when one testicle is absent or underdeveloped, and the other testicle grows in place of the other. Generally, no special treatment is required.