What causes hard testicles?

Hard testicles are usually caused by testicular cancer. After the disease, the testicles become hard, which prevents the normal secretion of male hormones, causing the male sexual characteristics to gradually disappear and leading to male infertility. Early testicular cancer is very likely to recover with active treatment, while the chance of recovery with treatment for late testicular cancer is around 50%. Among testicular cancers, spermatogonia is the most common, accounting for about 30% of testicular cancers.

Testicular cancer is a malignant tumor that develops from the cells of the testicles. The testicles are the two sex glands in men. They are responsible for making and storing sperm and are also the main source of male hormones. The testicles are located in the scrotum structure under the penis. Testicular cancer accounts for only 2% of all carcinoid tumors in men. Testicular cancer occurs more often in men aged 20-39 years and is the most common cancer in men between 20 and 34. Caucasian men are more likely to develop testicular cancer than Asian men. In the past 40 years, the incidence of testicular cancer in white men has doubled, while the incidence in other men has remained almost the same.

As one of the most common cancers in young men, the cause of testicular cancer is not well known. According to statistics, the incidence of testicular cancer in men is 7 in 100,000, and it is increasing year by year. The cause is usually the metastasis of malignant tumors. Occult testicles can induce testicular cancer. Usually, the testicles will descend to the scrotum. If the testicles do not descend to the scrotum but remain in the abdominal cavity or groin, the chance of a man suffering from testicular cancer will increase greatly. Even if the testicles are moved to the scrotum through surgery, it will not help.

Testicular cancer can also be caused by heredity or by Klinefelter's syndrome. In addition, people who have been cured of testicular cancer are more likely to develop testicular cancer again. Testicular cancer can cause testicular enlargement and hardness in the early stages. The patient's testicles feel heavy, and the translucency test shows that the testicular translucency is weakened.