Why are the testicles red? Beware of these diseases!

Generally speaking, men's testicles will also be affected by heat swelling and cold shrinkage, so this is a normal phenomenon and men don't have to worry. However, some men will find that their scrotum is a little red and seems to be swollen. In this case, they should go to the hospital immediately because this is a disease.

1. Scrotal wall lesions

Such as scrotal wall edema, scrotal wall hematoma, scrotal wall elephantiasis after filarial disease, erysipelas, skin necrosis, cellulitis, urine extravasation, benign scrotal wall tumors (seboma, hemangioma) and malignant scrotal wall tumors.

2. Pathological changes of scrotal contents

1. Hydrocele, hemocele, pustules, and chylocele of the vagina.

2. Acute and chronic epididymitis, epididymal tuberculosis, epididymal hemofilariasis, epididymal congestion after sterilization, and spermatocele.

3. Testicular orchitis, testicular tuberculosis, testicular syphilis, testicular tumor.

4. Varicose cord and spermatic cord inflammation, hydrocele, varicocele, spermatic cord torsion, spermatic cord cyst, spermatic cord hemofilaria nodule, spermatic cord hematoma, painful nodule of vas deferens after sterilization, sperm granuloma after sterilization.

3. Abdominal contents enter the scrotum

Such as ascites or inguinal oblique hernia contents (small intestine, bladder, omentum, etc.) entering the scrotum.

Mechanisms that cause scrotal enlargement

The scrotum is a continuation of the abdominal wall. Its structural layers are consistent with the layers of the anterior wall. The tissues of each layer are extremely loose and elastic. The gaps between the tissues can accommodate more fluids. Therefore, the scrotum can be significantly enlarged in cases of inflammation and edema. There are two layers of tunica vaginalis between the scrotal wall and the contents. The one attached to the scrotal wall is called the parietal tunica vaginalis, and the one attached to the testicles and epididymis is called the visceral tunica vaginalis. The tunica vaginalis between the two layers contains a small amount of plasma. When the tunica vaginalis becomes diseased and secretes a large amount of fluid or bleeds, the tunica vaginalis has great elasticity, which allows a large amount of fluid to be accommodated in the tunica vaginalis, resulting in an extremely swollen scrotum.