How to check blood sugar? These three items are required

In clinical practice, there are actually many methods available for testing blood sugar. Generally speaking, the following three items are the most commonly tested in blood sugar tests.

1. Glucose tolerance test, insulin and C-peptide release test:

This test is the most important one in the diabetes physical examination. The glucose tolerance test is an internationally recognized test for the diagnosis of diabetes. It measures fasting blood sugar and blood sugar after glucose loading. If the fasting blood sugar is ≥7.0mmol/L and the blood sugar 2 hours after a meal is ≥11.1mmol/L, diabetes can be diagnosed. While doing the glucose tolerance test, blood can be drawn to measure insulin and C-peptide to understand the maximum secretion capacity of pancreatic B cells under glucose loading, which can help determine the reserve function of pancreatic B cells, especially for the choice of treatment methods.

2. Glycated hemoglobin:

Whether fasting or postprandial blood sugar, it reflects the blood sugar level at a certain moment, and the result will be affected by many accidental factors, especially for patients with large blood sugar fluctuations. Glycated hemoglobin is mainly used as a monitoring method for the average blood sugar control level in the past 2-3 months. It is currently the internationally recognized gold standard for whether the blood sugar control level is up to standard, and the normal value is 4.0-6.5%.

3. Fasting blood sugar test:

Fasting blood sugar test is one of the most important items in routine diabetes examination. You can draw blood in the hospital and use a biochemical analyzer to test venous blood sugar. It is more common to use a home blood sugar monitor with a test strip to test finger blood sugar. Both methods obtain results through the glucose oxidase reaction and have certain specificity.