What causes testicular enlargement?

The testicle is a very important organ for men. If a man's testicles become enlarged, it is not a good thing for him. There are many reasons for the enlargement of the testicles. After the testicles become enlarged, men can feel obvious testicular pain, and their reproductive organs will also be seriously disturbed. So what is the cause of the enlargement of the testicles?

The epididymis is one of the male reproductive organs. It is composed of more than a dozen testicular efferent ducts and a winding epididymis duct. It is located at the upper back of the testis and is long and flat. The upper end is the epididymis head, which is connected to the testis through the testicular efferent duct. The lower end is the epididymis tail, which is connected to the vas deferens. Its main function is to discharge sperm produced by the testis through the epididymis duct, vas deferens, ejaculatory duct, and urethra. Although there are not many diseases that can cause epididymis enlargement, it is not easy to identify only by local palpation. And it is easy to confuse. In clinical practice, there are several reasons that can cause epididymis enlargement:

1. Epididymitis Acute epididymitis may have symptom signals of epididymal enlargement; chronic epididymitis may also show epididymal enlargement. The former may be accompanied by high fever, chills, and nausea. The epididymis is locally enlarged, with redness, swelling, heat, and pain, and the pain may radiate to the lower limb on the same side. At the same time, the spermatic cord is also swollen and tender. Chronic epididymitis may be accompanied by a feeling of falling and irregular swelling and pain. The surface is smooth, and the boundary between the testicle and the testicle can be clear. Sometimes, hydrocele may also occur.

2. Epididymal cyst: It can be single or multiple. The formed mass is small, cylindrical or lobed, with a smooth surface and translucent. It can occur in any part of the epididymis. Most patients have no obvious subjective symptoms or a slight feeling of soreness and distension. It is usually discovered during a physical examination.

3. Epididymal tumors This disease is rare in clinical practice and can be divided into benign tumors and malignant tumors. The most common benign tumors are myomas or hemangiomas; the malignant tumors include pain, sarcomas and teratoma. It is difficult to diagnose and difficult to distinguish from other diseases of epididymal enlargement.

4. Epididymal tuberculosis is a part of male urogenital tuberculosis, often occurring simultaneously with tuberculosis in other urogenital parts, or it can occur alone. The infection routes are mainly bloodstream infection and secondary infection in the posterior urethra.

5. Epididymal filariasis is mostly formed after the adult worms die in the lymphatic vessels, and occasionally occurs in the epididymis. A small painless epididymal nodule may appear on the epididymis, which may affect the spermatic cord. If 3 or more white blood cells appear in the visual field, it means that there are too many white blood cells in the semen, which is called leukocytospermia. Based on the above findings, clinical doctors have begun to use anti-inflammatory and floating sperm selection methods to treat male infertility. Practice has shown that about 1/3 of patients recover their fertility after treatment.