If you have these symptoms, be careful of high blood sugar levels!

When the human body is healthy, blood sugar is definitely within the normal range. If blood sugar rises, it may cause hyperglycemia, which is also one of the "three highs" that people usually talk about. So, how can we judge whether it is hyperglycemia? The symptoms of high blood sugar are as follows.

High blood sugar, polyuria and polydipsia

Increased blood sugar and increased urine sugar can trigger osmotic diuresis, which can lead to polyuria. Increased blood sugar and large amounts of water loss can increase blood osmotic pressure, which can stimulate the thirst center in the hypothalamus, leading to thirst and polydipsia. Due to the relative or absolute lack of insulin, glucose in the body cannot be used, and protein and fat consumption increase, leading to fatigue and weight loss. In order to compensate for the lost sugar and maintain body activity, more food is needed, which forms the typical "three mores and one less" symptom. The polydipsia and polyuria symptoms of diabetic patients are proportional to the severity of the disease. In addition, it is worth noting that the more the patient eats, the higher the blood sugar level, the more sugar is lost in the urine, and the more hungry he feels, ultimately leading to a vicious cycle.

Three more and one less

"Three more and one less" is the most common clinical manifestation of diabetes, namely, drinking more, eating more, urinating more and losing weight. However, in clinical practice, some diabetic patients have delayed diagnosis because they do not have typical "three more and one less" symptoms. Some patients with type 2 diabetes do not have obvious "three more and one less" symptoms. On the one hand, many diabetic patients are found through physical examinations that their blood sugar is only slightly elevated, and has not exceeded or only slightly exceeded the glucose threshold. The kidney excretes very little sugar, which is not enough to cause obvious "three more and one less" symptoms. On the other hand, it is caused by the increase in the glucose threshold of some patients. Under normal circumstances, glucose is completely reabsorbed in the kidneys, and no sugar is excreted in the urine; if blood sugar rises slightly, the reabsorption value of the renal tubules will increase accordingly; but when blood sugar rises to a certain level, exceeding the maximum reabsorption range of the renal tubules, some glucose will be excreted from the urine, thus forming diabetes. This critical blood sugar value is the renal glucose threshold, and the normal value is 8.8-9.9mmol/L. Kidney disease and some other urinary system diseases will have different degrees of impact on it, and the renal glucose threshold of most elderly patients will also increase accordingly. After the renal glucose threshold increases, the patient will not have diabetes even if the blood sugar is very high. Without diabetes, osmotic diuresis will not be induced, so there will be no polyuria symptoms; without losing a lot of water, the plasma osmotic pressure will change less, and the stimulation to the hypothalamus will be reduced accordingly, so there will be no thirst and polyphagia symptoms; without diabetes, a large amount of sugar will not be lost, so there will be no obvious hunger and polyphagia symptoms will be reduced; without diabetes, the body's loss of nutrients will be reduced, so the degree of weight loss can be reduced accordingly. Therefore, these diabetic patients can finally avoid the symptoms of "three mores and one less".