What are the hazards of high blood sugar to the human body?

As people's material life becomes more and more abundant, with a daily diet of meat and fish, many people accidentally fall into the ranks of high blood sugar. So what are the dangers of high blood sugar?

1. Cause dehydration and hyperosmotic coma

High blood sugar causes a large amount of glucose to be excreted in the urine, causing osmotic diuresis and leading to dehydration. Dehydration increases the osmotic pressure of the extracellular fluid, and water moves from the inside of the cell to the outside of the cell, causing water loss in the cell. Water loss in brain cells can cause brain dysfunction and even coma, which is clinically called "hyperosmotic coma."

2. Leading to electrolyte disorder and acidosis

When blood sugar is high, the patient's urine volume increases significantly, and a large amount of electrolytes are taken away from the urine, leading to electrolyte disorder. At the same time, because patients with high blood sugar have difficulty in utilizing sugar, they turn to breaking down fat to generate energy. Accompanied by fat breakdown, ketone body production increases, leading to "diabetic ketoacidosis."

3. Cause metabolic disorders

Experts point out that sugar, fat and protein are the three basic substances of human metabolism. High blood sugar leads to sugar metabolism disorder, which disrupts the metabolic balance of the system, and often leads to fat metabolism disorder, causing problems in the entire metabolic system.

4. Leading to pancreatic islet failure

High blood sugar has a "toxic effect" on pancreatic B cells. If diabetic patients have high blood sugar for a long time, it will lead to pancreatic islet failure, less insulin secretion and progressive deterioration of the disease.

5. Causes weight loss, fatigue, and reduced resistance

Under long-term hyperglycemia, glucose cannot be absorbed and utilized by the body very well and is lost in large quantities in the urine. The body provides energy by breaking down fat and protein, resulting in general weight loss, fatigue, and decreased immunity.

6. Causes various chronic vascular and neural symptoms

Long-term high blood sugar in diabetic patients can damage blood vessels (including large blood vessels and microvessels) and nerves (mainly sensory nerves and autonomic nerves), leading to the occurrence and development of chronic accompanying symptoms such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, diabetic nephropathy, retinal disease, peripheral neuropathy, and diabetic foot gangrene.

7. Reduced immunity

Hyperglycemia and the metabolic disorders caused by hyperglycemia reduce the phagocytic and bactericidal abilities of white blood cells, reduce the production of immunoglobulins and tonics, and weaken the bactericidal ability of blood. At the same time, the vitality of cells and organs decreases, and the body's self-healing ability decreases, resulting in immune dysfunction and decline.