The diagnosis and treatment of bladder tumors require the right method

In life, many cancers are caused by the malignant transformation of tumors. Therefore, male friends should pay special attention to bladder tumors in their bodies. The following article introduces the diagnosis and treatment methods of bladder tumors.

Differential diagnosis of bladder tumors:

First, bladder stones: A preliminary identification can be made by looking at the X-ray of the bladder area to see if there are opaque shadows. However, it is not uncommon for bladder tumors to be combined with stones. Cystoscopy is the main method. In addition to stones, papillary or villous neoplasms can also be seen under the cystoscope. Biopsy can further clarify the diagnosis.

Second, ureteral cyst: Ureteral cyst infection may also cause hematuria. Cystography shows a negative shadow in the bladder trigone. Ureteral cyst hematuria is rare and not as severe as bladder tumor hematuria. The negative shadow in cystography is snake-head-like, located in the trigone, with a smooth surface. B-ultrasound examination shows a cystic mass that contracts and relaxes with the discharge of urine. Cystoscopy shows a blister-like bulge at the ureteral orifice, covered by the bladder mucosa, with clear blood vessels and peristalsis consistent with urination.

Third, bladder tuberculosis: Bladder tuberculosis has a history of kidney or pulmonary tuberculosis, and has systemic symptoms such as low fever, sweating, and loss of appetite. There is rice soup-like purulent urine. Urine examination shows a large number of pus cells. Urine tuberculosis culture is 60% positive. Urine exfoliated cell examination shows no tumor cells. Cystography and B-ultrasound examination show no space-occupying lesions in the bladder. Cystoscopy shows inflammatory changes and tuberculous nodules and ulcers in the bladder, but no neoplasms. Inflammatory and ulcer wounds need to be distinguished from villous bladder cancer, and biopsy is of great value for differential diagnosis.

Treatment of bladder tumors:

The treatment principles for bladder tumors are the same as those for other tumors, including surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and new technologies, but surgery is still the main treatment. The specific scope and method of surgery should be based on a comprehensive analysis of the tumor stage, malignancy, pathological type, tumor size, location, and whether it involves adjacent organs.

The recurrence rate of bladder tumors after simple surgery is relatively high. To prevent recurrence, chemotherapy should be performed immediately after surgery. The most commonly used method is intravesical instillation of chemotherapy drugs. During the treatment period to prevent recurrence, a cystoscopy should be performed once every 3 months. If gross hematuria occurs during follow-up visits, the possibility of recurrence should be considered, and a cystoscopy should be performed early at any time. At the same time, urine routine and urine exfoliated cells can also be regularly examined for cytopathology. If recurrence is suspected, a cystoscopy should also be performed in advance.