Sperm quality standards

Pregnancy and childbirth are major events in life. Many couples want children, but due to various factors, they have not been able to realize their wishes. With the current advanced medical level, artificial insemination has become the best way for many families to have children, but this is also conditional. The quality of male sperm is very important. Next, we will introduce in detail the measurement standards for sperm quality.

(1) Semen volume: Normal ≥ 2ml. When it is greater than 7ml, it is too much. Not only does the sperm density decrease, but it is also easy to flow out of the vagina, resulting in a decrease in the total number of sperm. It is common in seminal vesiculitis. When it is less than 2ml, it is too little semen, but usually less than 1ml is too little. At this time, the contact area between the semen and the female reproductive tract is small, or the viscosity makes it difficult for the sperm to enter the female cervix, leading to infertility. It is common in severe paragonitis, low testosterone levels, ejaculatory duct obstruction, retrograde ejaculation, etc.

(2) Color: Normal color is off-white or slightly yellow. Milky white or yellow-green indicates inflammation of the reproductive tract or accessory glands. Pink, red, or red blood cells under a microscope indicate bloody semen, which is often seen in inflammation of the accessory glands and posterior urethra, and occasionally in tuberculosis or tumors.

(3) pH: The normal pH value of semen is 72-78. A pH value less than 72 is seen in ejaculatory duct obstruction or urine contamination; a pH value greater than 78 is seen in seminal vesiculitis or old specimens.

(4) Liquefaction time: After normal semen is ejaculated, it becomes gelatinous under the action of seminal vesicle coagulase. After 15 to 30 minutes, it becomes liquid under the action of prostate liquefaction enzyme. This is semen liquefaction. If semen still does not liquefy 30 minutes after ejaculation, it is abnormal.

(5) Viscosity: When a glass rod is placed in contact with liquefied semen and gently lifted, a semen thread will form. Normally, its length is less than 2 cm.

(6) Sperm count: It is generally expressed as the number of sperm per milliliter of semen. The normal count is ≥20×106/ml. A count lower than this value is considered too few sperm, which is seen in spermatogenesis disorders caused by various reasons. It may cause low fertility or infertility due to the reduced chance of sperm entering the uterine cavity and fallopian tubes. If the sperm count is greater than 250×106/ml, it is considered too many sperm, which may also lead to infertility due to its affected motility.

The above content is an introduction to the quality measurement standards of sperm. Any examination has a purpose. Generally, people will not do this kind of examination, so couples who want to have children must pay attention. Only when the physical conditions of both parties are suitable can they successfully conceive and have a child. This is a very important aspect.