Precautions for orchiectomy surgery

We all know that many men are most concerned about some andrological diseases, but there are always some unnecessary factors that force them to remove the male testicles in order to ensure life safety, such as testicular tumors or prostate cancer. However, once the testicles are removed, it will have a certain impact on the physical and mental health of male friends. Many men often feel that they are not complete psychologically, which will also cause special damage to the self-esteem of male friends. In order to recover the body and mind better, let's take a look at the precautions of orchiectomy surgery?

Precautions for orchiectomy surgery

【Points to note during surgery】

(1) For those who have been confirmed to have testicular tumors before surgery, the spermatic cord should be freed and ligated and cut at the internal ring, and then the testicle and tunica vaginalis should be separated to reduce the hematogenous spread caused by compression. If the diagnosis of testicular tumor has not been confirmed, the vas deferens should be separated first after the spermatic cord is freed, and the blood flow of the spermatic cord should be blocked with a soft forceps. The testicle should then be freed, and the incision should be protected with gauze pads before careful examination of the testicle. If necessary, the tunica vaginalis should be cut open for examination. Suspicious tissues should be immediately sent for frozen sections for qualitative analysis. Testicular removal can only be performed after a malignant lesion is confirmed. 

(2) If the nature of the testicular tumor is confirmed to be embryonal carcinoma, teratocarcinoma or teratoma, orchiectomy and retroperitoneal lymph node dissection can be performed at the same time if the patient's condition permits.

(3) For non-tumorous testicular lesions, the principle is to preserve the testicular tissue as much as possible. Partial orchiectomy is feasible, removing the lesioned tissue and preserving the functional part of the testicle.

(4) When cutting the spermatic cord, the spermatic vessels and vas deferens should be ligated separately to prevent the knot from slipping and bleeding. If it is a tuberculous lesion, the end of the vas deferens needs to be treated with carbolic acid, 75% ethanol and isotonic saline.

【Postoperative treatment】

(1) Lift the scrotum or apply pressure bandage to prevent bleeding or hematoma.

(2) The drainage material in the scrotum should be removed 24 to 48 hours after the operation.

(3) The wound sutures were removed 7 days after the operation.

(4) After the sutures are removed from the wound, patients with malignant testicular tumors are treated with retroperitoneal lymph node clearance, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy according to the pathological nature and systemic condition.

【Main Complications】

(1) Bleeding: It is mostly caused by rough operation and incomplete hemostasis during surgery. Minor bleeding in the scrotum can be treated by unobstructed drainage or extraction of blood, cold compress and pressure on the scrotum. If there is blood flowing out of the wound drainage after surgery or the scrotum is progressively enlarged, the sutures should be removed, the hematoma should be removed, the bleeding should be completely stopped and a drainage strip should be placed.

(2) Infection: It is mostly caused by chronic infection of the scrotal skin, poor skin cleaning, lax disinfection, extensive tissue damage during surgery, lack of drainage or poor drainage, and improper postoperative care. After infection occurs, anti-infection treatment should be strengthened, local hot compresses or other physical therapies should be applied, and drainage should be kept smooth. If abscesses are formed, incision and drainage should be performed.

The above is an introduction to the precautions for orchiectomy. We all know that once a man's testicles are removed, it will affect his fertility and male androgen secretion. This is also a very serious matter for men. However, in order to achieve better results, androgen must be supplemented in time after surgical treatment, otherwise some male characteristics will change.