What to do about male genital herpes

Many of us may not know what male genital herpes is, which has a certain impact on our prevention of this disease, but we definitely know that it is a bad thing and has a bad effect on our body. This requires us to first understand what male genital herpes is, and then treat it correctly. Let's take a look today.

Herpesviruses are a group of medium-sized double-stranded DNA viruses with more than 100 members. They are divided into three subfamilies: α, β, and γ according to their physical and chemical properties. Alpha herpesviruses (such as herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster virus) multiply quickly and cause cytopathic changes. β-herpesviruses (such as giant cell virus) have a long growth cycle and infect cells to form giant cells. γ-herpesviruses, such as Epstein-Barr virus, infect lymphoid cells as target cells and can cause lymphoproliferation. Herpesviruses have a wide range of hosts and can infect humans and other vertebrates. There are 7 herpesviruses that cause herpes in humans. Herpesviruses mainly invade tissues of ectoderm origin, including the skin, mucous membranes, and nervous tissues. The infection sites and diseases caused are diverse, and there is a tendency for latent infection, posing a serious threat to human health.

The serotypes, namely HSV-1 and HSV-2, have 5% homology in the nucleotide sequences of the two types of viruses. There are common antigens as well as specific antigens between the types. The types can be distinguished by ELISA using type-specific monoclonal antibodies, DNA restriction enzyme cutting map analysis, and DNA hybridization tests.

Pathogenic patients and healthy people are the sources of infection, mainly through direct close contact and sexual contact. HSV invades the body through multiple routes such as oral, respiratory, genital mucosa and broken skin. Human infection is very common, with an infection rate of 80-90%. Common clinical manifestations are localized rashes on the mucosa or skin, and occasionally severe systemic diseases may occur, involving internal organs.

Neutralizing antibodies can appear in the blood about 1 week after primary infection with immune HSV, reaching a peak in 3-4 weeks and can last for many years. Neutralizing antibodies kill active viruses outside cells, which has a certain effect on preventing the spread of viruses through the bloodstream and limiting the course of the disease, but cannot eliminate latently infected viruses and prevent recurrence. Cellular immunity plays an important role in the body's immunity against HSV infection. NK cells can specifically kill HSV-infected cells; with the participation of antibodies, they can also lyse HSV-infected cells by mediating ADCC effects; cytotoxic T cells and various lymphoid molecules (such as interferons, etc.) are also important in the fight against HSV infection.

(1) Primary genital herpes: Primary genital herpes is the first onset of disease. The virus is most likely to infect the three major mucous membranes (oral mucosa, anal mucosa, and vaginal mucosa). Symptoms appear at the site of infection about 5 days after infection. The disease can occur in the labia majora and minora, clitoris, vagina, cervix, and urethra, and is also common in the thighs and buttocks.

The incubation period of primary genital herpes is 2 to 7 days. The primary lesion is one or more small, itchy red papules, which quickly turn into small blisters. After 3 to 5 days, abscesses will form, which will rupture and form erosions, ulcers, and scabs, often accompanied by pain. The lesions are single or fused, often accompanied by fever, headache, fatigue, myalgia, enlarged inguinal lymph nodes and tenderness. Symptoms last for 1 to 2 weeks, and the lesions usually scab and heal in 3 to 4 weeks.

(2) Recurrent genital herpes: Recurrent genital herpes is a reinfection after the disease is cured, or the disease is not completely cured and reoccurs. The symptoms are basically the same as primary genital herpes. Usually, blisters appear at the original site of the rash, which is itchy and painful at first, and then groups of blisters appear and then turn into pustules; after rupturing, erosions and ulcers are formed, which are red, swollen and painful, and finally heal with scabs.

Recurrent genital herpes will recur within 1 to 4 months after the primary infection. The clinical manifestations of recurrent genital herpes are very similar to those of primary herpes. There are often prodromal symptoms such as itching or burning in the area 1 to 2 days before the recurrence. Most of the patients with recurrent genital herpes we see in clinical practice are male friends, because female patients often cannot come to the doctor in time because their symptoms are not obvious, thus delaying the best time for treatment.

The disease is self-limiting and can be cured in about 1-2 weeks. The purpose of treatment is to prevent the next recurrence. There is no specific medicine for this disease so far. The principle of treatment is to shorten the course of the disease, prevent secondary infection, and reduce recurrence.

(I) Systemic treatment: The principle of folded treatment is to firstly prevent the activation of infected HSV, or even eliminate the virus; secondly, regulate immunity to prevent recurrence. Acyclovir can be taken intravenously or orally, Livzonvir can be taken orally, interferon can be injected intramuscularly, and interleukin II can be injected intramuscularly. The Chinese Academy of Sciences Microbiology Institute tested the Jiaoyan vaginal wash containing PHMB, and found that 99% of herpes viruses were killed within 3 minutes. In the treatment, Jiaoyan vaginal wash or Jiaoyan disinfecting gel is used in combination with interleukin II, Levitra or Probabilin, and 95% of patients do not relapse.

l. Acyclovir (ACV): It is the recognized first choice drug. The usage method should be targeted at different GH situations.

(1) Initial GH: Oral administration of ACV 200 mg, 5 times a day for 7 consecutive days; or intravenous infusion of ACV 5 ml, 3 times a day for 5 to 7 consecutive days.

(2) Recurrent GH: Take ACV 200 mg orally 5 times a day; or lie down for 800 m twice a day for 5 consecutive days; if treatment is started at the onset of symptoms, some patients may not develop typical symptoms. When recurrences are frequent, take ACV 200 mg orally 3 times a day for 6 to 12 months.

(3) Immunosuppressed patients: For HIV-infected patients, GH is taken orally at a dose of 400 mg 3 to 5 times a day. If the condition is severe, 400 mg/kg is given by intravenous drip every 8 hours until recovery.

(4) Herpetic pruritus: Take ACV 200 mg orally, 5 times a day, for 7 to 10 days.

(5) HSV proctitis: Oral administration of ACV 400 mg, 5 times a day can shorten the course of the disease. For patients with immune damage or severe symptoms, intravenous infusion of ACV 5 mg/(kg·8h) can be used.

(6) Neonatal HSV: intravenous infusion of ACV 30 mg/(kg·d) or adenosine 30 mg/(kg·d) is usually used for 10-14 days.

2. Interferon (IFN)

Primary GH: intramuscular or subcutaneous injection, 1 million U to 3 million U for adults, 50,000 U/(kg·d) for children, 1 week to 2 weeks.

Recurrent GH: intramuscular or subcutaneous injection, 3 million U-6 million U for adults, 100,000 U/(kg"

According to the above statements, we know that male genital herpes is a viral invasion. The herpes produced on the male genitals is seriously life-threatening and it is easy to relapse. If you find it, you must go to the hospital for treatment immediately and treat it according to the doctor's instructions. This is the correct way. You should also pay attention to your living habits and hygiene in your daily life. I hope the above suggestions can help everyone.