Human papillomavirus in men

Human papillomavirus is a genus of papillomavirus infection A belonging to the family Papovaviridae. It is a spherical DNA virus that can cause proliferation of the squamous epithelium of the skin and mucous membranes of the body. The main manifestations are common warts, genital warts (condyloma acuminatum) and other symptoms. With the rapid increase in the prevalence of condyloma acuminatum among sexually transmitted diseases and the increase in cervical cancer, anal cancer, etc., human papillomavirus infection (HPV) infection has become more and more of a concern.

Etiology

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a genus of papillomavirus A belonging to the family Papillomaviridae. It is a spherical DNA virus that can cause proliferation of the squamous epithelium of the skin and mucous membranes of the body. At present, more than 130 different types have been isolated. Different types cause different clinical symptoms. According to the location of the affected tissue, they can be divided into:

(1) Low-risk skin types: including HPV1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 10, 12, 15, etc., which are related to common warts, flat warts, plantar warts, etc.;

(2) High-risk skin types: including HPV5, 8, 14, 17, 20, 36, 38 and related to verrucous integumentary dysplasia. Other malignant tumors that may be related to HPV infection include: vulvar cancer, penile cancer, anal cancer, prostate cancer, and bladder cancer.

(3) Low-risk mucosal types such as HPV-6, 11, 13, 32, 34, 40, 42, 43, 44, 53, 54, etc., which infect sexual organs, anus, oropharynx, and esophageal mucosa;

(4) High-risk mucosal types HPV-16, 18, 30, 31, 33, 35, 39 and cervical cancer, rectal cancer, oral cancer, tonsil cancer, etc.

Molecular biological specificity: HPV has strong resistance, can withstand drying and long-term storage, and can be eliminated by heating or dissolving in formalin solution. It can also be eliminated by high temperature disinfection and 2% glutaraldehyde disinfection.

Disease treatment writing

Treatment

(1) Physical therapy: The purpose is to remove tumors and subclinical infections that are visible to the human eye.

Methods include: laser, microwave heating, refrigeration, electrocautery, surgical removal (LEEP knife in gynecology, etc.), photodynamic therapy, etc.

(2) Medication treatment: 0.5% podophyllotoxin tincture, 5% imiquimod, 50% trichloroacetic acid, fluorouracil cream, etc.

(3) Immunotherapy depends on reducing the onset of disease and accelerating the elimination of the disease. Drugs include: interferon suppositories, interleukins, thymosin, transfer factor, BCG, isotretinoin, autoimmune vaccines, etc.

(4) Therapeutic vaccines: There is no effective therapeutic vaccine at this stage.