Sperm quality standard chart

Sperm is a key substance produced in the male body. The quality of sperm directly determines the male's reproductive ability. If a man's sperm quality is poor, it will be difficult for a woman to successfully conceive, which will lead to male infertility. In fact, there are certain standards for sperm quality. This article will explain in detail what the sperm quality standards are.

1. Sperm density

(1) Normal sperm density ≥ 2ml.

(2) If the volume exceeds 7 ml, it is too much. Not only will the number of sperm decrease, but it will also be easily discharged from the vagina, resulting in a decrease in the number of sperm in men. This is more common in seminal vesiculitis.

(3) If the sperm density is less than 2 ml, it is too low, but generally less than 1 ml is considered too low. At this time, the total area of ​​sperm contacting the female reproductive system is small, or the concentration is not conducive to the male sperm entering the female cervix, causing infertility, which is more common in more serious secondary sex hormone inflammation, low testosterone levels, vas deferens obstruction, retrograde ejaculation, etc.

2. Tone

(1) Normally the color is grayish white or slightly yellowish.

(2) Milky white or light green indicates inflammation of the reproductive system or secondary sex hormones.

(3) Pink or bright red color with blood cells visible under a microscope indicates spermatorrhea, which is often seen in secondary sex hormones, inflammation of the posterior urethra, and occasionally tuberculosis or tumors.

3. pH acidity and alkalinity

(1) The normal pH value of semen is 7.2-7.8.

(2) A value lower than 7.2 is often seen in cases of vas deferens obstruction or urine pollution.

(3) A value exceeding 7.8 is common in cases of seminal vesiculitis or poor specimen collection.

4. Vaporization time

(1) After normal semen is ejaculated, it becomes a gelatinous state due to the coagulation and hydrolysis of the seminal vesicles. After 15 to 30 minutes, it becomes a liquid due to the vaporization and hydrolysis of the male prostate. This is sperm liquefaction.

(2) If semen has not evaporated 30 minutes after ejaculation, it is considered abnormal.

5. Viscosity

Touch the vaporized semen with a glass rod and lift it gently to produce semen threads, which are normally less than 2 cm long.

6. Male sperm counting

(1) It is usually expressed as the number of sperm in 1 ml of semen. The normal count is ≥ 20 106/ml.

(2) Less than 20 106/ml indicates oligospermia, which is common in spermatogenesis problems caused by various reasons. It may lead to low fertility or infertility due to the reduced chance of sperm entering the uterine body and bilateral fallopian tubes.

(3) If a man’s sperm count exceeds 250 (106/ml), it means he has too many sperm, which can affect his sperm motility and cause infertility.

7. Sperm morphology

The sperm content of a man with normal shape should be ≥50%, otherwise it may lead to infertility.