What does prostate hyperplasia and calcification mean?

Prostatic hyperplasia and calcification will aggravate the condition and comprehensive treatment is necessary. Once the disease occurs, the patient will have a urinary tract infection reaction, which is relatively common. Detailed treatment is needed as soon as possible after it occurs. Try not to hold urine as much as possible and urinate in time. If you often excrete blood in your urine, you should pay attention to it and use some improvement methods to treat it as soon as possible.

(1) Hematuria The capillaries on the prostate mucosa are congested and the small blood vessels are dilated. They are pulled by the enlarged gland or rubbed against the bladder. When the bladder contracts, it can cause microscopic or macroscopic hematuria. It is one of the common causes of hematuria in elderly men. Cystoscopy, metal catheterization, and sudden bladder decompression during acute urinary retention catheterization can easily cause severe hematuria.

(2) Urinary tract infection Urinary retention often leads to urinary tract infection, which may cause symptoms such as urinary urgency, frequent urination, and difficulty urinating, accompanied by urinary pain. When upper urinary tract infection occurs, fever, back pain, and systemic poisoning symptoms may occur. Although patients usually have no symptoms of urinary tract infection, there may be more white blood cells in the urine, or bacterial growth in urine culture, and treatment should be given before surgery.

(3) Bladder stones cause lower urinary tract obstruction, especially when there is residual urine. The urine stays in the bladder for a long time and stones may gradually form. When accompanied by bladder stones, symptoms such as interrupted urine stream, pain at the end of urination, and the need to change body position to urinate may occur.

(4) Kidney dysfunction is mostly caused by ureteral reflux and hydronephrosis. Patients often present with loss of appetite, anemia, high blood pressure, or drowsiness and slow consciousness. Therefore, for elderly men with unexplained renal dysfunction, prostate hyperplasia should be ruled out first.

(5) Long-term lower urinary tract obstruction may cause lower abdominal mass due to bladder diverticulum filling or upper abdominal mass due to hydronephrosis. Long-term reliance on increased abdominal pressure to assist urination may cause hernia, hemorrhoids and rectal prolapse.

Prostate cancer

Prostate cancer, especially duct cancer, may present with lower urinary tract obstruction as the first symptom. Some patients have prostate cancer at the same time as prostate hyperplasia, and the serum PSA (prostate specific antigen) is elevated, often >10.0ng/ml. Rectal examination shows that the surface of the prostate is not smooth and feels rocky. Transrectal biopsy is better with B-ultrasound guidance, and a clear diagnosis can be made by pathological examination.

Neurogenic bladder, detrusor sphincter dyssynergia

Common manifestations include abnormal urination in the lower urinary tract and urinary incontinence. It is necessary to inquire in detail whether there is a history of trauma and check whether there is anal reflex. Urodynamic tests should be used to exclude it, such as filling cystometry, urethral pressure diagram, and pressure/flow rate simultaneous detection.

Ineffective bladder (aging of the bladder wall)

Symptoms include urinary retention, abnormal urination in the lower urinary tract, and a large amount of residual urine. They should be distinguished from prostatic hyperplasia, and factors such as damage, inflammation, and diabetes should be excluded. Urodynamics examination is also mainly used. Special urethral pressure diagram and pressure/flow rate simultaneous detection are used for identification. Cystometrogram shows low bladder pressure and no contraction pressure waveform.