How to do sperm chromosome test

Sperm chromosomes come from the male's own genes and are divided into X and Y. We use a microscope to examine sperm chromosomes and then analyze sperm chromosomes to prevent Down syndrome. Sperm examination items include checking the amount of semen and the number of sperm. It is also necessary to check the sperm survival rate and pH, mainly to allow the sperm to enter the woman's fallopian tube and combine with the egg.

Sperm chromosome examination is a diagnostic method that refers to the direct analysis of sperm chromosomes. It includes sperm capacitation, superovulation of golden hamsters, in vitro fertilization, sperm chromosome preparation, and chromosome analysis. First, the golden hamster eggs obtained by superovulation are treated with hyaluronidase to digest the granulocytes around the eggs, and the zona pellucida is digested with trypsin. Then, it is incubated with human sperm that has been capacitation-treated in advance for 3 hours. The sperm concentration is 1-2×107/ml.

After the sperm and egg combine, rinse the eggs several times with BWW culture medium to remove sperm adhering to the surface that has not entered the egg. Continue to incubate the eggs for 12 hours. Finally, treat the eggs with 1% sodium citrate solution for 10 to 15 minutes. When the eggs are fully expanded as seen under a stereomicroscope, they are aspirated out, placed on a clean glass slide, and fixed with a 3:1 methanol:glacial acetic acid solution. After cooling at room temperature, they are stained with Giamsa solution or subjected to various banding treatments.

Routine inspection items

1. Semen volume:

It is necessary to check the total amount of semen discharged by male friends in one ejaculation. Under normal circumstances, a normal man can discharge 1.5 ml to 6.0 ml.

2. Sperm count (concentration or density):

It is necessary to check how many sperm are in each milliliter of male semen. Under normal circumstances, the number of sperm in male semen is 20 million/ml.

3. Sperm survival rate:

It is necessary to check the active sperm in the semen of male friends. In the semen of normal male friends, at least 60% of every 100 sperm should be active sperm.

4. Acidity and alkalinity (PH value):

It is also necessary to check the pH value of sperm. Normally, the pH value of male sperm should be kept between 7.0 and 7.8. If the pH value of sperm is less than 7 or greater than 8, it means that the male's sperm motility has decreased significantly.

5. Color:

Normal male semen is milky white or grayish white. If the semen is yellow-green, it means that the man has genital tract infection.