What causes testicular twitching?

I believe that many male friends do not know what causes testicular throbbing. It is recommended that you read the content of this article and correctly treat the causes of testicular throbbing. Testicular throbbing may be caused by orchitis or testicular tumors. The most common cause is inflammation. It is recommended that male patients should receive treatment in time to avoid affecting fertility.

This situation may be caused by stimulation, or it may be caused by testicular disease or nervous system disease. Pay attention to whether there are abnormal symptoms such as pain. If there are no pain symptoms, you can observe for the time being and don't worry too much. You can also go to the hospital's andrology department for a checkup such as color Doppler ultrasound to see if there are any abnormalities, and take treatment based on the examination.

Orchitis:

1. Introduction:

Orchitis is an inflammatory disease characterized by infiltration of intratesticular inflammatory cells and damage to the seminiferous tubules.

2. Causes:

Orchitis is usually caused by bacteria and viruses. The testicles themselves rarely have bacterial infections because they have a rich supply of blood and lymph and are more resistant to bacterial infections. Bacterial orchitis is mostly caused by inflammation of the adjacent epididymis, so it is also called epididymo-orchitis. Common pathogens are Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Escherichia coli, etc. Viruses can directly invade the testicles, the most common of which is the mumps virus. This pathogen itself mainly invades the parotid glands of children. However, this virus is also good at invading the testicles, so viral orchitis is often easy to occur shortly after the onset of mumps. In addition, experimental autoimmune orchitis (EAO) is a reproductive immunology disease with chronic testicular inflammation as the main pathological change.

3. Clinical manifestations:

The main manifestations of orchitis are damage to the seminiferous tubules, infiltration of leukocytes around the seminiferous tubules, and a significant decrease in the number of sperm, resulting in dead sperm, azoospermia, and loss of fertility. In addition, factors such as antisperm antibodies produced in orchitis, insufficient blood supply, and activated inflammatory cells can induce damage to the blood-testis barrier, affecting the differentiation activity of spermatogenic cells, thereby causing sperm production disorders and directly leading to male infertility.

4. Imaging examination:

The main inflammatory lesions of the testicle are subacute inflammation of the testicle and tunica vaginalis. The ultrasound manifestations are mainly decreased echoes and diffuse enlargement of the testicle, which are similar to the ultrasound manifestations of diffuse testicular tumors, with relatively uniform echoes. The color Doppler examination results may show increased blood flow signals or no significant blood flow signals.

Testicular Tumors:

1. Introduction:

Among all male tumor diseases, testicular tumors account for 1%~2%. Although the incidence of testicular tumors is not high, most tumors are malignant.

2. Causes:

Clinical studies have found that the occurrence of testicular tumors is related to factors such as polymastia, hormones, and genetics.

3. Imaging examination:

(1) Testicular spermatogonia:

The main ultrasound manifestations are a significant increase in the volume of the testicles, clear lesion edges, and the presence of uneven hypoechoic masses with clear boundaries. A few lesions have dot-like strong echoes and small pieces of anechoic areas. Color Doppler examination results show that the lesions have abundant blood flow signals, and some small lesions have scattered dot-like blood flow signals.

(2) Non-seminoma of the testis:

Mixed germ cell tumor, teratoma, germinal sinus tumor, embryonal carcinoma, etc. are all non-seminoma. The ultrasound manifestation of mixed germ cell tumor is mainly multi-chamber with mixed echo, disordered structure, with point-like strong echo, irregular liquid dark area, blurred boundary, and color Doppler examination results show that there are abundant blood flow signals in the mass. The ultrasound manifestation of testicular teratoma is mainly a mixed cystic and solid echo mass, some of which have strong echo, and color Doppler examination results show that there are point-like and strip-like blood flow signals in the solid part of the mass. The ultrasound manifestation of endodermal sinus tumor is mainly a low-echo mass with blurred boundaries and multiple clusters of strong echoes inside. The color Doppler examination results show that the blood flow signal in the mass is relatively rich. The ultrasound manifestation of embryonal carcinoma is mainly a low-echo mass with blurred boundaries and uneven echoes inside. The color Doppler examination results show that the blood flow signal in the mass is slightly rich.

(3) Non-germ cell tumors:

Stromal cell tumors, mucinous cystadenoma with focal carcinoma, and hamartoma are all non-germ cell tumors. The ultrasound manifestations of stromal cell tumors are low echo and high echo. Malignant stromal cell tumors often exceed 5 cm, often with invasive marginal necrosis and rich blood flow signals. The ultrasound manifestations of mucinous cystadenoma with focal carcinoma are mainly significant enlargement of the testicles, with a small amount of normal testicular tissue, mixed echoes mainly cystic, showing honeycomb changes, and punctate blood flow signals in some tumor parenchyma. The ultrasound manifestations of hamartoma are mainly coarse calcification with acoustic shadows behind.

(4) Secondary testicular tumor:

Testicular lymphoma is the most common type of secondary testicular tumor in clinical practice. Elderly men are the main patients of this disease. Patients mainly seek medical treatment for testicular tumors. Ultrasound manifestations are mainly diffuse and mass-type hypoechoic. Compared with the mass-type, the diffuse type is more common; the internal part of the mass shows uneven echoes, and the color Doppler examination results show that the blood flow signal is relatively rich.

(5) Testicular epidermoid cyst:

The ultrasound appearance of testicular epidermoid cysts is characteristic, with alternating hypoechoic and hyperechoic changes, showing onion-like changes, with relatively clear boundaries, and may show dot-like strong echoes. Some lesions do not have onion-like changes, but are hypoechoic, with clear boundaries and uneven distribution. Color Doppler examination found that there was no significant blood flow signal in the lesion.