High blood pressure has a big impact! What diseases can high blood pressure cause?

When it comes to hypertension, many people first think of geriatric diseases. People are more likely to suffer from this disease only after they enter old age. However, it is not known that hypertension is now also developing among younger people. In particular, if some young people do not receive timely treatment after suffering from hypertension, it is easy to cause the following major diseases.

1. Coronary heart disease

Long-term high blood pressure can promote the formation and development of atherosclerosis. Coronary atherosclerosis can block or narrow the blood vessel lumen, or cause myocardial ischemia, hypoxia, and necrosis due to functional changes in the coronary arteries, leading to coronary heart disease. Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease is the most common type of organ lesions caused by atherosclerosis, and is also a common disease that seriously endangers human health.

2. Cerebrovascular disease

It includes cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral thrombosis, cerebral infarction, and transient cerebral ischemia. Cerebrovascular accident, also known as stroke, is a severe disease with a very high mortality rate. Even if it does not cause death, most of them will cause disability. It is the most severe type of acute cerebrovascular disease. The higher the blood pressure of patients with hypertension, the higher the incidence of stroke. If the cerebral arteries of patients with hypertension harden to a certain degree, coupled with temporary excitement or excessive excitement, such as anger, sudden accidents, and vigorous exercise, the blood pressure will rise sharply, the cerebral blood vessels will rupture and bleed, and the blood will overflow into the brain tissue around the blood vessels. At this time, the patient will immediately fall into a coma and fall to the ground, so it is commonly known as a stroke.

3. Hypertensive heart disease

The heart changes of patients with hypertension are mainly left ventricular hypertrophy and dilatation, myocardial cell hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis. Hypertension leads to cardiac hypertrophy and dilatation, which is called hypertensive heart disease. Hypertensive heart disease is an inevitable trend of long-term uncontrolled hypertension, and may eventually affect life safety due to cardiac hypertrophy, arrhythmia, and heart failure.

4. Hypertensive encephalopathy

It mainly occurs in patients with severe hypertension. As the high blood pressure exceeds the automatic regulation range of cerebral blood flow, the brain tissue suffers from cerebral edema due to excessive blood perfusion. Clinically, it is characterized by the symptoms and signs of encephalopathy, manifested as diffuse severe headache, vomiting, impaired consciousness, mental confusion, and even coma and convulsions in severe cases.

5. Chronic renal failure

Hypertension is a serious complication of kidney damage, of which hypertension combined with renal failure accounts for about 10%. Hypertension and kidney damage can affect each other, forming a vicious cycle. On the one hand, hypertension causes kidney damage; on the other hand, kidney damage aggravates hypertension. Generally, in the middle and late stages of hypertension, the renal arteries become hardened, the renal blood flow decreases, and the kidney's ability to concentrate urine decreases, at which time polyuria and increased nocturia occur. Rapidly developing hypertension can cause extensive and chronic changes in the renal arteries, leading to malignant renal arteriosclerosis, which can rapidly develop into uremia.