Don’t eat anything you want! There are dietary taboos for people with renal insufficiency

For patients with any disease, in addition to necessary treatment, daily diet adjustment is also very important. Especially for some diseases that can be cured by diet therapy, diet should be paid more attention. Today, I will talk about the dietary precautions for patients with renal insufficiency.

1. Protein:

Metabolites in the human body mainly come from the protein components in the diet, especially animal and plant proteins, such as meat, rice, noodles, soy products, etc. Therefore, in order to reduce the workload of the remaining healthy kidney units, the patient's protein intake must be compatible with the excretion capacity of the kidneys. In other words, the protein intake of patients with renal failure should be reduced accordingly according to the degree of kidney function decline. For example: when the blood creatinine is 170-440umol/L, the protein intake should be 0.6 grams per kilogram of body weight per day. For those with a large amount of proteinuria, an additional 1.5 grams of protein can be supplemented for every gram of urine protein lost. When blood creatinine exceeds 440umol/L, protein intake should be further reduced to no more than 30 grams (0.4 grams/kg). However, it must be emphasized that if you pursue limiting protein intake blindly, it will lead to malnutrition and physical decline in patients, and the effect is not good. Therefore, under the premise of reducing the total amount of protein intake, it is necessary to selectively supplement proteins with high nutritional value to meet the body's necessary nutritional needs, that is, increase the intake of certain animal proteins (such as milk, eggs, fish, lean meat, etc.) and reduce the amount of plant proteins. The former contains more varieties and quantities of essential amino acids than the latter. Since grains contain a lot of plant protein, it is recommended to eat starchy foods such as wheat starch, corn starch, lotus root starch, potatoes, sweet potatoes, etc. (the protein content is only 0.4%) instead of ordinary staple foods such as rice and noodles (the protein content is 7-10%).

2. Calories:

In order to maximize the use of the protein you consume and not let it be converted into energy for consumption, you must supplement your energy while taking a low-protein diet. At least 35 calories per kilogram of body weight per day. This is mainly provided by sugar, such as fruits, sucrose products, chocolate, jam, honey, etc. Fat can also provide some calories, and there is no limit on vegetable oils.

3. Phosphorus:

When supplementing protein, you should also note that although some foods meet the above conditions, such as egg yolks, meat floss, animal offal, dairy products, bone marrow, etc., they are still not suitable for consumption due to their high phosphorus content.

Because phosphorus retention can further deteriorate kidney function. In order to reduce the phosphorus content in food, fish, meat, potatoes, etc. should be boiled in water before further cooking.

4. Salt:

The amount of salt should be determined according to the condition. For those with high blood pressure or edema, a low-salt diet of 2 grams of salt per day is recommended. If you have polyuria, you should calculate the amount of sodium lost in the urine every day and then adjust the amount accordingly.