Male genitalia diagram

The male testicle is the location of the male prostate gland, one on each side, oval in shape, suspended in the scrotum by the spermatozoa, about 4-5cm long, 3-4cm thick, and weighing about 15g each. It is the human organ that produces male somatic cells (i.e. male sperm) and is also a key endocrine gland that produces androgens.

Internal structure of male testis: The surface of male testis has a thick high-density connective tissue membrane, called the tunica albuginea. The inner side of the tunica albuginea is loose connective tissue with rich and colorful blood vessels, called the vascular membrane. The tunica albuginea of ​​male testis thickens between its bones and sinks deep into the male testis to form the male testis septum. The septum radially extends into the male testis essence, dividing the male testis into multiple lobules. Each lobule contains 1-3 curved seminiferous tubules, which converge at the top of the lobule to form a short and straight seminiferous tubule and enter the longitudinal septum. In the longitudinal septum, these tubules fit together to form a network to produce the male testicular network. From the male testicular network, 12-13 curved tubules are transmitted, called male testicular efferent ducts, which pass through the white membrane and enter the epididymal cyst head.

The interstitial cells of the seminiferous tubules can metabolize androgens, promoting the growth, development and maintenance of male reproductive organs and male secondary sexual characteristics. The squamous epithelial cells of the seminiferous tubules have the function of producing sperm. The seminiferous tubules fuse together to form straight tubules, which are the ducts for sperm transportation. They finally converge and form a tube to enter the head of the epididymis and are discharged from the body through the ejaculatory duct.

Epididymal cyst

Epididymal cyst is formed by the epididymal duct winding at the edge of the male testis. There is fibrous tissue and honeycomb tissue in the middle of the tubule, which is divided into three parts: head, body, and tail. The male testicular head is composed of the efferent duct, and the wall thickness is composed of pseudostratified columnar epithelial cells with two kinds of body cells, one is columnar epithelial cells with microvilli; the other is low columnar metabolic body cells. The somatic cells are arranged in a high-low interactive manner, so the lumen is irregular and has a sawtooth shape. The body and tail of the epididymal cyst are composed of the epididymal duct, which is composed of pseudostratified columnar microvilli epithelial cells. The height of the epithelial cells is consistent, so the lumen is standard.

The epididymal cyst is long, flat, and crescent-shaped, with one on each side, about 5 cm long, attached to the back side of the male testicle. The epididymal cyst has the functions of storing and excreting male sperm, promoting male sperm perfection, and providing male sperm nutrients through metabolic fluid. The physiological effects are based on the digestion, absorption, metabolism, and extraction functions of the squamous epithelial cells of the epididymal cyst.