Causes of nongonococcal urethritis in men

Male non-gonococcal urethritis is a male reproductive organ disease that can be transmitted to other people through blood and saliva. This disease rarely occurs and generally occurs in young and middle-aged men. Frequent irregular sexual life or lack of hygiene after sexual life can cause this disease. So what is the cause of male non-gonococcal urethritis? Let's learn about it together.

Causes of nongonococcal urethritis in men

Male non-gonococcal urethritis is a syndrome with multiple causes. The pathogens are mostly chlamydia, mycoplasma, trichomonas, herpes virus, candida, etc. 30% to 50% of non-gonococcal urethritis is related to Chlamydia trachomatis, 20% to 30% is caused by ureaplasma infection, and 10% is caused by microorganisms such as vaginal trichomonas, Candida albicans, herpes simplex virus, Mycoplasma genitalium, adenovirus and bacillus. Chlamydia and mycoplasma have weak resistance to the external environment. They can be killed by heating at 56 degrees for 5 to 10 minutes. Common disinfectants such as formalin, Lysol, carbolic acid, etc. can also easily kill them.

Clinical manifestations

1. Typical symptoms include urethral itching, accompanied by urinary urgency, pain and difficulty urinating, but the symptoms are milder than gonococcal urethritis.

2. After a long period of not urinating or before the first urination in the morning, a small amount of mucous secretion may come out of the anus, sometimes only showing as a crust seal or dirty trousers. A considerable number of people may not have any symptoms.

3. Male patients may develop epididymitis. Female patients are not as typical as male patients. Many patients may be asymptomatic. Generally, urethritis, mucopurulent cervicitis, acute pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility may occur.

Check

1. Direct immunofluorescence

Specific chlamydia monoclonal antibodies are labeled with fluorescein and then used to detect chlamydia antigens in the specimen. If chlamydia are present in the specimen, they will bind to the antibodies and apple green fluorescence will be visible under a fluorescence microscope. When the number of chlamydia in a smear is more than 10, it is positive. The specificity is >97% and the sensitivity is 70% to 92%.

2. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

Spectrophotometers are used to detect Chlamydia antigens in the urogenital tract, and the color change is positive. Results are available within 24 hours, with a sensitivity of 60% to 90% and a specificity of 92% to 97%.

3. Cultivation of Chlamydia trachomatis

Chlamydia trachomatis is an obligate intracellular parasite that can only grow and reproduce in living cells. The cells commonly used for chlamydia culture are McCoy cells and Hela229 cells, which have a specificity of 99% to 100% and a sensitivity of 68.4% to 100%, and are currently the gold standard for diagnosing Chlamydia trachomatis. Chlamydia trachomatis is a microorganism that parasitizes in columnar epithelial cells. The appropriate culture specimen is to use a swab to remove the urethra within 2 to 4 mm of the internal urethral opening, rather than taking secretions or urine from the urethral opening for culture.

The above article describes in detail male non-gonococcal urethritis. Male non-gonococcal urethritis is a very serious transmitted disease. If any adverse condition is found, medical treatment should be sought as soon as possible. It is not advisable to eat too spicy food and maintain a balanced body nutrition. In addition, you should quit smoking and drinking and avoid stimulating the body. Drinking more water and urinating more every day can flush the urethra.