Small testicles without sperm

Small testicles and azoospermia are congenital diseases. Since testicles are the place where sperm is produced, small testicles will lead to insufficient sperm production, thus causing infertility in men. Small testicles and azoospermia should be repaired through surgery. In addition, obstructive azoospermia and varicocele can also cause azoospermia. I hope everyone can receive treatment in time.

Azoospermia refers to the absence of sperm in the ejaculated fluid (WHO 1999). Clinically, it is usually diagnosed after three centrifugal examinations of semen without sperm, and anejaculation and retrograde ejaculation should be excluded. The incidence of azoospermia is 8%-10% in infertile men, while it is about 2% in the general population.

reason

There are many causes of azoospermia, but they can be summarized into two categories:

1. Testicular azoospermia: Azoospermia is caused by testicular sperm production dysfunction due to various reasons, such as Klinefelter syndrome, bilateral cryptorchidism, long-term consumption of crude cottonseed oil, mumps orchitis, varicocele, radiation damage, endocrine disorders, etc.

2. Obstructive azoospermia: Obstructive azoospermia is caused by obstruction or absence of the vas deferens due to various reasons, so that the sperm produced by the testicles cannot be discharged through the vas deferens, resulting in azoospermia. The most common causes are congenital absence of the vas deferens and seminal vesicles after male vasectomy, or adhesion obstruction of the vas deferens due to inflammation, such as epididymitis or epididymal tuberculosis.

Symptoms of Azoospermia

After the semen was centrifuged, the sediment was taken for microscopic examination. No sperm was found in 3 examinations. It can be confirmed as azoospermia, but the cause needs to be further clarified.

During the physical examination, pay attention to the development of secondary sexual characteristics and external genitalia. If the testicular volume is less than 10 ml and the texture is abnormally soft, it often indicates poor testicular function. During palpation, pay attention to whether the epididymis and vas deferens have deformities, nodules, etc.

Endocrine examinations, serum FSH (follicle stimulating hormone), LH (luteinizing hormone), PRL (prolactin), T (testosterone), DHT (dihydrotestosterone) help to distinguish between primary testicular failure and secondary testicular failure.

Testicular B-ultrasound can reveal gross testicular lesions, and testicular biopsy can provide more accurate diagnosis and treatment basis.

There are two types of azoospermia: true and false. True azoospermia is caused by the atrophy and degeneration of testicular spermatogenic cells, which cannot produce sperm, also known as "congenital azoospermia"; false azoospermia means that the testicles can produce sperm, but due to the cold blockage of the vas deferens, the sperm cannot be discharged, so it is also called obstructive azoospermia. Azoospermia is rare in clinical practice, but they basically or completely lose their fertility. Through the combination of Chinese and Western medicine, there are also people who get pregnant, but most of them are irreversible, so they belong to the category of absolute infertility. The absence of sperm in semen cannot make the woman pregnant, which is the fundamental disease of male infertility. In Chinese medicine literature, it is called "childless" and "infertility" syndrome. This is mostly a syndrome of deficiency of kidney yin and yang. It is mostly caused by congenital deficiency or acquired testicular injury: cryptorchidism, etc. There are also blood stasis and obstruction of blood circulation, which is a positive syndrome.