What is in vitro fertilization?

In vitro fertilization is a fertilization method that has been widely accepted in modern society, and it also provides many couples with the possibility of having children. In vitro fertilization mainly involves extracting the eggs in the female body and the sperm in the male body, combining them in vitro to form a fertilized egg and then implanting it into the female body. Next, let's learn some knowledge about in vitro fertilization.

In vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET): also known as test tube baby, sometimes also called first generation test tube baby. It refers to collecting the male's semen and the female's high-quality eggs, culturing them in vitro, combining (in vitro fertilization) and developing into an embryo. Then, the embryo is transplanted back into the female's uterine cavity through a special transplant tube, allowing the embryo to continue to grow and develop until delivery.

Indications for IVF

1. The woman's fallopian tube is severely blocked.

2. Severe ovulation disorders in women.

3. Severe endometriosis in women.

4. Men with severe oligospermia and asthenospermia.

5. Unexplained infertility.

6. Immune infertility.

Preoperative examination for in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF)

Female tests: routine leucorrhea, mycoplasma, chlamydia, sex hormone series, TCT (cervical cytology), blood type, three items before blood transfusion, five items of hepatitis B, liver and kidney function, routine coagulation, routine blood test, routine urine test, Toxoplasma (TORCH), electrocardiogram, chest X-ray, etc.

Male tests: two semen routine tests, blood type, three items before blood transfusion, five items of hepatitis B, semen microbiological examination, sperm function test, etc.

In vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) process:

1. Drug-induced multi-follicle development

In vitro fertilization-embryo transfer, hormone drugs are first used to induce ovulation. Generally, hormones are used 7 days after ovulation or on the 1st-2nd day of the menstrual cycle. After one week of medication, vaginal ultrasound is repeated. If follicle activation is found, corresponding treatment should be taken. After two weeks of medication or on the 3rd-5th day of the menstrual cycle, vaginal ultrasound is repeated. If the ovarian state is appropriate, hormone drugs can be injected to stimulate the development of multiple follicles. During the ovulation induction process, vaginal ultrasound and blood sex hormone measurement are used to monitor the development of follicles. When the follicles are mature, human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) is injected. About 36 hours after HCG injection, eggs are retrieved through vaginal ultrasound.

2. Egg retrieval via vaginal ultrasound

Under the guidance of vaginal ultrasound, the puncture needle is inserted into the follicle through the vaginal fornix to aspirate the follicular fluid. This process is called transvaginal ultrasound egg retrieval. The follicular fluid contains the required eggs. Vaginal ultrasound egg retrieval: It is a simple operation. If local anesthesia is used, it is generally painless or only slightly sore and swollen. Generally, after the egg retrieval, you can get out of bed and leave the hospital. The retrieved eggs are cleaned and placed in a culture box for culture, waiting for fertilization.

3. In vitro fertilization and embryo culture

Generally, 4-6 hours after egg retrieval, the processed sperm and eggs are cultured together. The sperm will rely on its own movement to enter the egg cell, and the genetic material of both sexes will combine to form a fertilized egg. Generally, 12-18 hours after fertilization, the fertilized egg can be seen to form. Further cultivation of the fertilized egg will form a two-cell, four-cell, or eight-cell embryo.

4. Embryo transfer

The process of placing the embryos formed by in vitro culture into a tube and sending them into the uterine cavity through the cervical tube is called embryo transfer. Generally, the transfer is done 2-3 days after egg retrieval, and a few are done 5-6 days after egg retrieval. The transfer process is similar to a gynecological examination, and there is no pain, so there is no need to worry.

5. Luteal support

After egg retrieval, progesterone or human chorionic gonadotropin is used to support the corpus luteum. A pregnancy test is performed 14 days after embryo transfer. If pregnancy occurs, luteal support is continued until the third month of pregnancy.

Advantages of Assisted Reproductive Technology in Malaysia:

Malaysia is the first of the four major medical and health care countries in the world. Its medical field is sought after by the world, among which IVF assisted reproductive technology is particularly prominent. It is reported that in order to better plan and promote the development of Malaysia's medical tourism industry, the Malaysian Medical Tourism Council (MHTC) was specially established to coordinate Malaysia's medical tourism market. China is an important target market for Malaysia's IVF and medical tourism.

Malaysia's third-generation IVF equipment is advanced and equipped with a full range of leading IVF technologies and equipment. Malaysia's IVF is equipped with the most advanced IVF technology - embryo monitor, which records embryo development and growth 24 hours a day, thereby selecting the best quality and most dynamic embryos for transplantation; sperm separation to increase the probability of having a boy/girl; sperm washing to help carriers of AIDS, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, syphilis and other viruses give birth to healthy offspring; for elderly women with few eggs, it provides a single-month double ovulation stimulation technology that stimulates ovulation and retrieves eggs twice a month, etc. Malaysia's IVF derivative technologies are complete and can meet patients' more personalized fertility needs.