What causes an enlarged testicle?

Normally, men have two testicles in pairs. Although the testicles do not look very large, their functions are very important, which is related to the offspring of men. To put it simply, the testicles are an indispensable organ of the male reproductive system, because sperm is stored in them and must be protected. So, what exactly is the reason for an enlarged testicle?

Causes

Bacterial infection

Unilateral testicular swelling and congestion is mostly caused by descending infection from the prostate. Long-term placement of a urinary catheter, urethroscopy, or the spread of epididymitis can all lead to unilateral testicular swelling and congestion.

Varicose vein

Unilateral testicular swelling and congestion is caused by the dilation of the vascular valves in the spermatic vein. The lesions are more common on the left side. Sometimes it may be accompanied by male infertility. After high ligation of the vein, the semen quality of 70% of patients can be improved. Right varicocele is sometimes accompanied by retroperitoneal diseases such as tumors. Therefore, special attention should be paid to newly occurred right varicocele, and further detailed examination is necessary.

Parasitic infection

The most common parasitic infection that causes unilateral testicular swelling is filarial infection. It mainly causes lymphatic obstruction, but it is sometimes difficult to distinguish from vascular obstruction. Testicular inflammation caused by filarial infection is mostly unilateral, sometimes accompanied by hydrocele and thickening of the tunica vaginalis. The hydrocele can be chylous.

Testicular trauma

Unilateral testicular swelling and hyperemia Various injuries to the perineum can affect the testicles and cause unilateral testicular swelling.

Viral infections

Mumps-induced testicular hemorrhage accounts for about 20% of viral orchitis. It usually occurs on the 7th day after the onset of mumps. Occasionally, simple testicular hyperemia without mumps symptoms can be seen. Testicular atrophy will occur in dozens of patients, but due to the swelling and hyperemia of one side of the testicle, the chance of causing infertility is not high. Other viruses that may cause swelling and hyperemia of one side of the testicle include Coxsackie virus and FI3 virus. It may also be accompanied by mononucleosis.

Testicular torsion

Unilateral testicular swelling and congestion can be seen in any age group. But it is more common in young people and children. When the overly long mesentery is twisted due to excessive activity, the blockage of blood supply will first affect venous return. Because arterial blood continues to flow in, the low-pressure venous blood vessels continue to dilate, and finally the arteriovenous system reaches a balance. Unilateral testicular swelling occurs. Due to the blockage of blood circulation, young men or boys will experience acute testicular pain.