Why does prostatitis cause testicular pain?

Testicular pain is the most common radiating pain in prostatitis. Prostatitis can be chronic or acute. Acute prostatitis can cause symptoms such as frequent urination, urgency, pain, and fever, while chronic prostatitis can cause symptoms such as hematospermia.

1. Bacterial prostatitis: It is an acute or non-acute infection of the prostate caused by one or more pathogens. The pathogens are Gram-negative aerobic bacteria, such as Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Acute bacterial prostatitis: sudden onset, chills and high fever, frequent urination, urgency and pain. Dysuria or acute urinary retention may occur. Clinically, it is often accompanied by acute cystitis. The prostate is swollen, tender, and has a local temperature rise. The surface is smooth, and there is a feeling of fullness or fluctuation when abscesses are formed.

Chronic bacterial prostatitis: frequent urination, urgency, pain during urination, urethral discomfort or burning during urination. White discharge often flows out of the urethra after urination and defecation. Sometimes there may be blood in semen, pain in the perineum, sexual dysfunction, and mental and neurological symptoms. The prostate is full, enlarged, soft, and slightly tender. In patients with a long course of disease, the prostate shrinks, hardens, has an incomplete surface, and has small nodules.

2. Nonbacterial prostatitis: The clinical symptoms and signs of nonbacterial prostatitis are similar to those of bacterial prostatitis. Although there are a large number of inflammatory bacteria in the prostatic secretions of patients with nonbacterial prostatitis, no pathogenic bacteria have been found in segmented urine bacterial culture and other examination methods.

3. Gonorrhea combined with prostatitis: The main manifestation of prostatitis caused by gonococci is chronic lesions. The symptoms are mild, including perineal discomfort, penile pain, "pain" in the urethra in the morning, gonorrhea in the urine, pus balls and decreased lecithin in the prostate massage fluid, and gonococci found in smears or cultures.

4. Granulomatous prostatitis: It is a rare disease, mostly non-specific, and often related to recent urinary tract infection. In most cases, rectal examination can detect prostate nodules or diffuse lumps, which are difficult to distinguish from prostate cancer, so it is necessary to discuss it.

5. Prostatitis: Also known as prostatitis-like syndrome, it refers to the obvious tenderness in the levator ani muscles on both sides of the anus. The proportion of this type of prostatitis is slightly lower than that of nonbacterial prostatitis.