Six major hazards of fatty liver in men

1. Diabetes:

Obesity is closely related to diabetes. A survey of more than 310,000 people in 14 provinces and cities in my country showed that the incidence of diabetes in the normal population is 0.26%, while the incidence of overweight people is 2.82%, which is more than 10 times the former. Obese people eat more than the body needs, and excessive eating stimulates the pancreas to secrete excessive insulin, resulting in hyperinsulinemia. Since the cells of obese people are insensitive to insulin, insulin secretion will be further promoted, which will increase the load on the pancreas and cause hyperplasia of pancreatic islet cells. In the long run, it can lead to pancreatic islet failure and diabetes. In addition, obesity is often accompanied by hyperlipidemia, and fat metabolism is often hyperactive, which increases free fatty acids, aggravates sugar metabolism disorders, and is more likely to induce diabetes.

2. High blood pressure:

Obesity is a risk factor for the development of hypertension. A survey of middle-aged and elderly people showed that the prevalence of hypertension was 7.55% for those with a body mass index less than 20, 20.26% for those with a body mass index between 24 and 26, and 36.89% for those with a body mass index greater than 28. Obese people have a large increase in adipose tissue, and blood volume and cardiac output must be increased to meet the needs of the body. Long-term excessive heart load causes left ventricular hypertrophy and increased blood pressure. Secondly, obese people often have hyperinsulinemia. Insulin can promote the reabsorption of sodium by the distal tubules of the kidney, causing sodium retention and causing hypertension. In addition, the adrenal cortex function of obese people is active, the conversion rate of cortisol increases, and the hydroxylation of corticosterone and deoxycorticosterone increases, which can increase blood pressure. Therefore, obesity is an important risk factor for hypertension.

3. Arteriosclerosis and coronary heart disease:

Survey data show that the prevalence of coronary heart disease is 4.72% for people with a body mass index less than 20, 9.91% for people with a body mass index of 24-26, and 16.51% for people with a body mass index greater than 28. Obese people often have hypertriglyceridemia, which can cause atherosclerosis. Overweight, increased body surface area, excessive adipose tissue, increased cardiac load including increased myocardial load caused by fat deposits inside and outside the myocardium can cause cardiac ischemia and hypoxia. Obese people have reduced physical activity, and the coronary collateral circulation is weakened or insufficient. All of the above factors can lead to atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease.

4. Respiratory insufficiency:

Clinically, it is called obesity-hypoventilation syndrome, also known as hypoventilation syndrome. Extremely obese people have too much fat on their chest and abdominal walls, which limits their respiratory activity, shallow breathing, and reduced expiratory volume, which leads to a decrease in functional residual capacity, making the lungs close to the exhalation position. Due to the decrease in tidal volume, alveolar ventilation is reduced, ventilation is restricted, carbon dioxide is retained, arterial blood oxygen saturation decreases, and patients may develop cyanosis. Due to long-term hypoxia, polycythemia vera may occur, and at the same time, blood viscosity increases, aggravating circulatory resistance, increasing cardiac load, pulmonary artery hypertension, and developing into chronic cor pulmonale.

5. Fatty Liver:

Obesity can cause fatty degeneration of the liver, leading to liver enlargement. Due to long-term high-carbohydrate, high-fat diet and hyperinsulinemia, obese patients' liver synthesizes triglycerides at a rate that greatly exceeds the liver's ability to transport them out of the liver, or causes obstacles to the transport of triglycerides by very low-density lipoprotein, resulting in triglyceride accumulation in the liver and fatty liver.

6.Bile tract diseases:

The incidence of cholecystitis and cholelithiasis in obese people increases with the degree of obesity and age, which is related to the increased synthesis of endogenous cholesterol in the liver and other tissues of obese patients. The ratio of bile salt plus lecithin to cholesterol in normal bile is 11:1. If the cholesterol ratio increases, cholesterol will precipitate and crystallize, and easily melt into gallstones. Gallstones have a direct irritating effect on the gallbladder mucosa, which can easily cause secondary bacterial infection and form cholecystitis.