What is the disease of blood in men's sperm?

If a man's sperm contains blood during ejaculation, it is a serious condition. It means that the man's sexual function has been seriously affected, and it is likely to be related to his prostate. Therefore, he must be actively treated. When a man's sperm contains blood, he will definitely feel pain when ejaculating. So what disease is it when a man's sperm contains blood?

Clinical manifestations of hematospermia: Hematospermia is characterized by blood in the semen during ejaculation, which may be accompanied by ejaculation pain, loss of libido, premature ejaculation, perineal pain and discomfort, initial or final hematuria after ejaculation, bladder irritation, etc. The characteristics of functional hematospermia are: if there is no ejaculation for a long time, hematospermia is likely to appear once ejaculation occurs, without other symptoms, and the duration is short and easy to recur.

Due to the different causes, locations, amounts and duration of bleeding, the appearance of hematospermia is also different: hematospermia caused by inflammation and injury is evenly mixed; when it comes from bleeding in the urethral mucosa, it is manifested as bright red blood mixed in the semen, which is not mixed with the semen; if the bleeding is stored in the seminal vesicle for a long time, it is often brown; if it is fresh bleeding, it is pink. The vast majority of patients with hematospermia have a small amount of bleeding, which can be the initial, final or whole process of hematospermia.

The main cause of the disease

Hematospermia can be caused by lesions in various parts and tissues of the semen transport pathway, but it mainly originates from the seminal vesicle, prostate and posterior urethra. Hematospermia can be divided into functional and organic. Functional hematospermia is caused by the contraction of the seminal vesicle when a man reaches orgasm and the relaxation after ejaculation, which causes the pressure of the seminal vesicle to change rapidly, and the capillaries on the cyst wall are damaged, causing bleeding or capillary permeability changes and bleeding. Organic hematospermia is caused by certain diseases, and common causes include:

1. Inflammation

Reproductive system infection is the most common cause of hematospermia. Infection pathogens include viruses, bacteria, tuberculosis and parasites, etc. It can also be the result of trauma, urethral foreign bodies, and chemicals. Common ones include seminal vesiculitis, prostatitis, posterior urethritis, seminal vesicle tuberculosis, epididymal orchitis, etc. Stones in the prostate, seminal vesicle or vas deferens can also cause hematospermia.

2. Obstruction or cyst

Ejaculatory duct obstruction can cause the proximal end of the obstruction to dilate and swell, leading to rupture and bleeding of mucosal blood vessels. Common examples include seminal vesicle cysts, ejaculatory duct cysts, seminal vesicle diverticula, ejaculatory duct cysts, and prostate cysts.

3. Tumor

A variety of benign tumors of the urogenital tract can cause hematospermia, such as posterior urethral adenoma, leiomyoma, fibroma, adenomatous polyp and prostatic hyperplasia. Malignant tumors of the bladder, prostate, testicles and seminal vesicles can also cause hematospermia.

4. Vascular abnormalities

Varicose veins of the seminal vesicle, prostatic urethra, and bladder neck are the causes of hematospermia. In addition, vascular abnormalities in the reproductive system can cause hematospermia, including pelvic arteriovenous malformations, prostatic hemangiomas, seminal vesicle and spermatic cord hemangiomas, etc.

5. Damage

Most of them are iatrogenic, and are commonly seen in prostate puncture biopsy, intraprostatic drug injection, prostate cancer radiotherapy, transurethral instrumentation or pelvic surgery leading to seminal vesicle damage, and after vasectomy, after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy of distal ureteral stones, after hemorrhoid injection treatment, etc. In addition, it is also seen in perineal trauma, gonadal trauma, pelvic fracture, etc.

6. Systemic factors

Hypertension, blood diseases (lymphoma, thrombocytopenia, leukemia, hemophilia) and anticoagulant abnormalities secondary to liver disease can cause hematospermia.